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Background <p>Effective communication between healthcare providers and patients is essential to ensure that patients understand and follow their treatment plans. This study examined the relationship between patient-practitioner communication and patient adherence to healthcare interventions.</p> Methods <p>Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, CENTRAL, and Scopus were searched from 2014 to January 2025. Reference lists of eligible articles were manually searched. Studies in any language that quantified the effects of patient–practitioner communication on adherence were included. Two independent reviewers extracted data, assessed the risk of bias, and appraised the strength of evidence. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB2 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for observational studies.</p> Results <p>Twenty-four eligible studies (8,671 patients) were included: six RCTs (733 patients) and 18 observational studies (7,938 patients). Among the observational studies, 17 were cross-sectional (14 high quality and three moderate quality), and one was a high-quality retrospective cohort study. Of the six RCTs, four had some concerns, and two had a high risk of bias. Pooled analysis of the RCTs demonstrated a small, non-significant positive effect of the communication intervention on adherence (standardised mean difference: 0.42, 95% CI: − 0.08 to 0.93; <i>p</i> = 0.10). However, heterogeneity was high (I² = 88%), and the certainty of evidence was very low. All observational studies suggested a positive association between effective practitioner communication and improved treatment adherence.</p> Conclusion <p>Enhanced practitioner communication skills are associated with better adherence. Interventions targeting practitioner communication skills may represent a practical and impactful approach to support patients in following their healthcare recommendations.</p>

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Examining the relationship between healthcare practitioners’ communication and patient adherence to treatment: a systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Leila Keshtkar,
  • Sarah Ahmed,
  • Shaan Mohan,
  • Harsh Kulshrestha,
  • Keith Nockels,
  • Cathy Harrell,
  • Patrick Highton,
  • Jeremy Howick

摘要

Background

Effective communication between healthcare providers and patients is essential to ensure that patients understand and follow their treatment plans. This study examined the relationship between patient-practitioner communication and patient adherence to healthcare interventions.

Methods

Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, CENTRAL, and Scopus were searched from 2014 to January 2025. Reference lists of eligible articles were manually searched. Studies in any language that quantified the effects of patient–practitioner communication on adherence were included. Two independent reviewers extracted data, assessed the risk of bias, and appraised the strength of evidence. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB2 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for observational studies.

Results

Twenty-four eligible studies (8,671 patients) were included: six RCTs (733 patients) and 18 observational studies (7,938 patients). Among the observational studies, 17 were cross-sectional (14 high quality and three moderate quality), and one was a high-quality retrospective cohort study. Of the six RCTs, four had some concerns, and two had a high risk of bias. Pooled analysis of the RCTs demonstrated a small, non-significant positive effect of the communication intervention on adherence (standardised mean difference: 0.42, 95% CI: − 0.08 to 0.93; p = 0.10). However, heterogeneity was high (I² = 88%), and the certainty of evidence was very low. All observational studies suggested a positive association between effective practitioner communication and improved treatment adherence.

Conclusion

Enhanced practitioner communication skills are associated with better adherence. Interventions targeting practitioner communication skills may represent a practical and impactful approach to support patients in following their healthcare recommendations.