Background <p>This study investigates the impact of relationship-oriented leadership on organizational citizenship behavior among hospital nurses in the Turkish healthcare context, focusing on the mediating role of workplace flourishing. The research aims to fill gaps in understanding the indirect effects of leadership on organizational citizenship behavior through workplace well-being in the context of healthcare professionals.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional design was employed, surveying 448 nurses from a university hospital using structured Likert-type scales. Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling and the bootstrap method to test the hypothesized relationships among the variables.</p> Results <p>The findings indicate that relationship-oriented leadership significantly affects organizational citizenship behavior dimensions such as altruism, conscientiousness, courtesy, and sportsmanship. Additionally, workplace flourishing was found to mediate the relationship between leadership style and organizational citizenship behavior, with flourishing showing a strong positive influence on organizational citizenship behavior dimensions.</p> Conclusion <p>The study highlights that relationship-oriented leadership fosters workplace flourishing, which in turn enhances organizational citizenship behaviors. These results suggest that healthcare leaders can promote better workplace outcomes by fostering a flourishing environment, ultimately improving nurse engagement and citizenship behaviors.</p>