Background <p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) poses challenges to people's self-management, especially after hospital discharge. Few studies have qualitatively examined the experiences of patients and healthcare personnel following a nurse-led health literacy intervention to prevent readmission.</p> Methods <p>This exploratory qualitative process evaluation was conducted within a randomized controlled trial aimed at understanding the perspectives of both patients and professionals following the implementation of a health literacy intervention. The intervention includes home visits conducted by nurses trained in COPD, employing motivational interviewing techniques and supporting the development of individualised treatment plans post-hospital discharge. Eight semi-structured interviews with patients, one focus group, and one individual interview with healthcare providers (<i>n</i> = 6) were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.</p> Results <p>Two main themes arose among patients: “Building health literacy through personalized nursing support” and “From knowledge to action: Strengthening health literacy through motivational support” – and two among healthcare professionals; “Health professionals’ experience of developing health literacy competency” and “Perceived shifts in understanding, roles, and relationships through health literacy awareness”.</p> Conclusion <p>The nurse-led health literacy intervention was perceived as valuable by both patients and healthcare professionals. Patients described how home-based support from competent nurses may have contributed to a better understanding of post-discharge care and fostered a sense of preparedness. Professionals reported gaining insights into patient needs, which they felt enabled more tailored communication and care planning. While the findings are based on a small qualitative sample, they suggest that such interventions may support the transition from hospital to home.</p> <span>T</span>rial registration <p>The RCT study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT 03216603 (registered first 7/7–2017).</p>