Background <p>This study constructs a user persona coding framework for self-management among patients with permanent enterostomy, identifying behavioral characteristics, and nursing needs to develop targeted interventions.</p> Methods <p>A total of 18 patients (<i>n</i> = 18) were recruited via purposive sampling. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were performed, and Colaizzi’s method was applied to analyze the resulting data; this involved extracting factual labels, integrating common characteristics, and summarizing labeling dimensions, with the ultimate goal of developing patient personas.</p> Results <p>A five-dimensional coding framework was established, covering disease-related medical information, daily life, medical resource accessibility, social support, psychological state. Four self-management types were identified, including proactive (younger, high education, active learning, strong self-efficacy), dependent-regressive (elderly, low education, passive dependence), Fragmented Knowledge-Guided Practice(middle-aged, fragmented knowledge, improper operations), and Avoidant Coping (elderly, low acceptance, avoidant behaviors).</p> Conclusions <p>This study identifies the multi-dimensional characteristics and typological differences of self-management behaviors in patients with permanent enterostomy, providing a reference for personalized nursing interventions to enhance self-management efficacy and improve patients’ quality of life.</p> Clinical trial number <p>Not applicable.</p>