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Background <p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a growing global and national health concern, particularly among Palestinian children who face significant psychosocial, educational, and structural barriers to optimal disease management. Effective self-care requires developmentally appropriate education that enhances self-efficacy, supports family involvement, and promotes independent diabetes self-management. Orem’s Self-Care Model provides a theoretical framework for identifying self-care deficits and guiding supportive–educative interventions.</p> Aim <p>To evaluate the effect of applying Orem’s Self-Care Model on self-efficacy, diabetes self-management, quality of life (QoL), and HbA1c among children with T1DM in Hebron, Palestine.</p> Methods <p>A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest-controlled design was conducted among 48 children aged 8–12 years attending governmental and private pediatric diabetes clinics. Participants were allocated into intervention (<i>n</i> = 24) and control (<i>n</i> = 24) groups based on clinic grouping. The intervention comprised four structured, two-hour supportive–educative sessions grounded in Orem’s model. Standard routine care was provided to the control group. Outcomes were measured using validated Arabic versions of the Children’s Self-Efficacy Scale, PedsQL 3.0 Diabetes Module, the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), and laboratory-recorded HbA1c. Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests.</p> Results <p>Significant improvements were observed in the intervention group for self-efficacy, self-management, QoL, and HbA1c. HbA1c decreased from 14.0% to 10.7% (<i>p</i> = .001), compared with a nonsignificant change in the control group (13.4% to 12.5%, <i>p</i> = .306). Posttest comparisons confirmed superior outcomes in the intervention group (<i>p</i> &lt; .05 across variables).</p> Conclusion <p>Orem’s Self-Care Model significantly enhanced glycemic control and psychosocial self-care capacities among Palestinian children with T1DM. Theory-based, family-centered educational interventions represent a feasible and effective strategy for improving pediatric diabetes outcomes in resource-limited settings.</p>

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Effect of Orem’s Self-Care Model on self-efficacy, self-management, quality of life, and HbA1c among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Palestine

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Lo’ai Aburayyan,
  • Candan Ozturk

摘要

Background

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a growing global and national health concern, particularly among Palestinian children who face significant psychosocial, educational, and structural barriers to optimal disease management. Effective self-care requires developmentally appropriate education that enhances self-efficacy, supports family involvement, and promotes independent diabetes self-management. Orem’s Self-Care Model provides a theoretical framework for identifying self-care deficits and guiding supportive–educative interventions.

Aim

To evaluate the effect of applying Orem’s Self-Care Model on self-efficacy, diabetes self-management, quality of life (QoL), and HbA1c among children with T1DM in Hebron, Palestine.

Methods

A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest-controlled design was conducted among 48 children aged 8–12 years attending governmental and private pediatric diabetes clinics. Participants were allocated into intervention (n = 24) and control (n = 24) groups based on clinic grouping. The intervention comprised four structured, two-hour supportive–educative sessions grounded in Orem’s model. Standard routine care was provided to the control group. Outcomes were measured using validated Arabic versions of the Children’s Self-Efficacy Scale, PedsQL 3.0 Diabetes Module, the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), and laboratory-recorded HbA1c. Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests.

Results

Significant improvements were observed in the intervention group for self-efficacy, self-management, QoL, and HbA1c. HbA1c decreased from 14.0% to 10.7% (p = .001), compared with a nonsignificant change in the control group (13.4% to 12.5%, p = .306). Posttest comparisons confirmed superior outcomes in the intervention group (p < .05 across variables).

Conclusion

Orem’s Self-Care Model significantly enhanced glycemic control and psychosocial self-care capacities among Palestinian children with T1DM. Theory-based, family-centered educational interventions represent a feasible and effective strategy for improving pediatric diabetes outcomes in resource-limited settings.