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Background <p>Female medical students and doctors (women in medicine) face systemic gender biases, cultural expectations, and marital pressures that are linked to their career trajectories, leadership opportunities, and well-being. This study explores these barriers globally, assessing their connection to gender equity, career advancement, and retention in medicine.</p> Objectives <p>To evaluate how marital and cultural pressures relate to the career progression and emotional well-being of women in medicine.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional online survey using convenience and snowball sampling was disseminated globally through the Hub-and-Spokes model between November 2023 and December 2023. Responses (<i>N</i> = 3,031) from 53 countries were analysed in SPSS after consolidating Likert scales into three categories.</p> Results <p>Most respondents (78.7%, <i>N</i> = 2386) reported that female doctors face greater societal expectations to marry, and 72.4% (<i>N</i> = 2195) noted that these expectations correspond with career choices. Marriage-related pressure from family or friends was reported by 61.5% (<i>N</i> = 1865). Over half agreed that women are expected to prioritise child-rearing (51.2%, <i>N</i> = 1552) or work part-time (52.7%, <i>N</i> = 1597). These pressures correlated with high stress (72.9%), guilt or self-blame (68.6%), and burnout (70.3%). Reported coping strategies included open communication with partners (84.6%), boundary setting (76.7%), and family or mentor support systems (72%).</p> Conclusion <p>Societal and cultural pressures remain closely linked to the professional and personal challenges of women in medicine. Targeted policy reforms and supportive workplace structures are needed to promote gender equity and well-being in medicine.</p>

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Influence of marital pressures and cultural constructs on females (IMPACT-F): a global study of female medical students and doctors

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Umme Summaiya Faisal,
  • Ahmedyar Hasan,
  • Sally Shayeb,
  • Azeezat Oyewande,
  • Majid Omari,
  • Nino Dekanoidze,
  • Awranoos Ahadi,
  • Maryam Asif,
  • Aron Shrestha,
  • Sharanya Ezhilarasan Santhi,
  • Umme Habiba Faisal,
  • Kamal Kishan Akash,
  • Norma Nicole Gamarra Valverde,
  • Israa Ahmed Qutob,
  • Naiela Ennaji Almansouri,
  • Darja Golubeva,
  • Ashmita Yadav,
  • Mikias Lewoyehu Wondie,
  • Zabi Fatima,
  • Jaiprakash Suresh Gurav,
  • Reshon Hadmon,
  • Romana Riyaz,
  • Sameer Asim Khan,
  • Roopali Dahiya,
  • Alen Sam Saji,
  • Christos Tsagkaris,
  • Ahmed Ramzi,
  • Rawan Tarek Fathi,
  • Alaa Khogali,
  • Faisal A. Nawaz,
  • Rahul Kashyap,
  • Zara Arshad

摘要

Background

Female medical students and doctors (women in medicine) face systemic gender biases, cultural expectations, and marital pressures that are linked to their career trajectories, leadership opportunities, and well-being. This study explores these barriers globally, assessing their connection to gender equity, career advancement, and retention in medicine.

Objectives

To evaluate how marital and cultural pressures relate to the career progression and emotional well-being of women in medicine.

Methods

A cross-sectional online survey using convenience and snowball sampling was disseminated globally through the Hub-and-Spokes model between November 2023 and December 2023. Responses (N = 3,031) from 53 countries were analysed in SPSS after consolidating Likert scales into three categories.

Results

Most respondents (78.7%, N = 2386) reported that female doctors face greater societal expectations to marry, and 72.4% (N = 2195) noted that these expectations correspond with career choices. Marriage-related pressure from family or friends was reported by 61.5% (N = 1865). Over half agreed that women are expected to prioritise child-rearing (51.2%, N = 1552) or work part-time (52.7%, N = 1597). These pressures correlated with high stress (72.9%), guilt or self-blame (68.6%), and burnout (70.3%). Reported coping strategies included open communication with partners (84.6%), boundary setting (76.7%), and family or mentor support systems (72%).

Conclusion

Societal and cultural pressures remain closely linked to the professional and personal challenges of women in medicine. Targeted policy reforms and supportive workplace structures are needed to promote gender equity and well-being in medicine.