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<p>Kaempferol, a naturally occurring flavonoid found in various fruits and vegetables, has been widely studied for its biological activity; however, its cellular effects in different breast cancer cell types remain incompletely understood. This study investigated the effects of kaempferol in two human breast cancer cell lines with distinct molecular characteristics: MCF-7 (ER/PR-positive) and MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative). Cells were treated with 60 µM kaempferol for up to 24&#xa0;h, and analyses included cell viability, oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species generation and superoxide dismutase activity), gene expression (<i>ACTB</i>), and morphological changes (cellular area, F-actin intensity, and nuclear DAPI fluorescence) using quantitative PCR and confocal imaging. Kaempferol reduced cell viability in both cell lines, with greater sensitivity observed in MCF-7 cells. Under treatment conditions, MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited higher ROS levels than MCF-7 cells, SOD activity also differed between the two cell lines. <i>ACTB</i> expression was downregulated in both cell lines, more prominently in MCF-7, and was accompanied by a reduction in cellular area. While F-actin intensity remained unchanged in MCF-7 cells, it decreased in MDA-MB-231 cells. Changes in DAPI fluorescence indicated nuclear morphology alterations consistent with cell stress responses. These findings demonstrate differential cellular responses to kaempferol between MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells and provide quantitative characterization of its effects on cell viability, oxidative stress, and cellular structure. This work provides a basis for further investigation of kaempferol’s effects in breast cancer cell models.</p>

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Effects of kaempferol on oxidative stress, cytoskeletal, and cellular features in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Azam Noori,
  • Alexa Bergeron,
  • Emmalee Foley,
  • Makayla Richard,
  • Jennifer PereiraBadji,
  • Josephine Modica-Napolitano

摘要

Kaempferol, a naturally occurring flavonoid found in various fruits and vegetables, has been widely studied for its biological activity; however, its cellular effects in different breast cancer cell types remain incompletely understood. This study investigated the effects of kaempferol in two human breast cancer cell lines with distinct molecular characteristics: MCF-7 (ER/PR-positive) and MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative). Cells were treated with 60 µM kaempferol for up to 24 h, and analyses included cell viability, oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species generation and superoxide dismutase activity), gene expression (ACTB), and morphological changes (cellular area, F-actin intensity, and nuclear DAPI fluorescence) using quantitative PCR and confocal imaging. Kaempferol reduced cell viability in both cell lines, with greater sensitivity observed in MCF-7 cells. Under treatment conditions, MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited higher ROS levels than MCF-7 cells, SOD activity also differed between the two cell lines. ACTB expression was downregulated in both cell lines, more prominently in MCF-7, and was accompanied by a reduction in cellular area. While F-actin intensity remained unchanged in MCF-7 cells, it decreased in MDA-MB-231 cells. Changes in DAPI fluorescence indicated nuclear morphology alterations consistent with cell stress responses. These findings demonstrate differential cellular responses to kaempferol between MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells and provide quantitative characterization of its effects on cell viability, oxidative stress, and cellular structure. This work provides a basis for further investigation of kaempferol’s effects in breast cancer cell models.