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Background <p>The growing resistance of malaria parasites, particularly <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>, to most antimalarial drugs underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Green-synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs), prepared using <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i>, have shown promise in biomedical applications. This study presents the first evaluation of green-synthesized MgO NPs derived from <i>M. chamomilla</i> for their antiplasmodial effects against <i>P. falciparum</i> 3D7 and K1 strains.</p> Methods <p><i>M.chamomilla</i> extract was used for the biosynthesis of MgO NPs, which were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and MTT assays. The antiplasmodial activity of MgO NPs synthesized with varying solvent ratios (30:70, 50:50, and 70:30 mL of distilled water to ethanol) was evaluated in vitro.</p> Results <p>FESEM images revealed quasi-spherical MgO NPs with particle sizes ranging from 30 to 80&#xa0;nm. DLS analysis showed hydrodynamic sizes of 183&#xa0;nm, 161&#xa0;nm, and 606&#xa0;nm for the 30:70, 50:50, and 70:30 solvent ratios, respectively. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values against the <i>P. falciparum</i> 3D7 strain were 0.19, 0.21, and 0.22&#xa0;mg/mL for the 30:70, 50:50, and 70:30 ratios, respectively; against the K1 strain, the corresponding IC₅₀ values were 0.41, 0.45, and 0.42&#xa0;mg/mL.</p> Conclusion <p>The green-synthesized MgO NPs exhibited in vitro antiplasmodial activity against both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant <i>P. falciparum</i> strains. These findings support further investigation into their potential applications as antimalarial agents in preclinical models.</p>

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Antimalarial potential of Matricaria chamomilla-derived MgO nanoparticles against Plasmodium falciparum strains: an experimental study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月8日

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  • Zahra Farzaneh,
  • Haleh Hanifian,
  • Mehdi Nateghpour,
  • Gholamreza Hasanpour,
  • Ahmad Raeisi,
  • Mohammad Shabani,
  • Leila Farivar,
  • Aram Khezri,
  • S. Ahmad Dehdast,
  • Saeed Shahsavari

摘要

Background

The growing resistance of malaria parasites, particularly Plasmodium falciparum, to most antimalarial drugs underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Green-synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs), prepared using Matricaria chamomilla, have shown promise in biomedical applications. This study presents the first evaluation of green-synthesized MgO NPs derived from M. chamomilla for their antiplasmodial effects against P. falciparum 3D7 and K1 strains.

Methods

M.chamomilla extract was used for the biosynthesis of MgO NPs, which were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and MTT assays. The antiplasmodial activity of MgO NPs synthesized with varying solvent ratios (30:70, 50:50, and 70:30 mL of distilled water to ethanol) was evaluated in vitro.

Results

FESEM images revealed quasi-spherical MgO NPs with particle sizes ranging from 30 to 80 nm. DLS analysis showed hydrodynamic sizes of 183 nm, 161 nm, and 606 nm for the 30:70, 50:50, and 70:30 solvent ratios, respectively. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values against the P. falciparum 3D7 strain were 0.19, 0.21, and 0.22 mg/mL for the 30:70, 50:50, and 70:30 ratios, respectively; against the K1 strain, the corresponding IC₅₀ values were 0.41, 0.45, and 0.42 mg/mL.

Conclusion

The green-synthesized MgO NPs exhibited in vitro antiplasmodial activity against both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strains. These findings support further investigation into their potential applications as antimalarial agents in preclinical models.