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Background <p>Middle-aged women are disproportionately affected by cardiometabolic deterioration during the menopausal transition. Resistance training (RT) is an established countermeasure, and whole-body neuromuscular electrical stimulation (WB-NMES) may enhance its physiological effects. However, whether short-term RT combined with WB-NMES further improves blood cardiometabolic biomarkers in this population remains unknown.</p> Methods <p>In this parallel-group, randomized trial, 23 sedentary middle-aged women (47 ± 6 y, 86.3 ± 15.7&#xa0;kg, 1.61 ± 0.06&#xa0;m, 33.2 ± 6.0&#xa0;kg∙m<sup>2</sup>) were allocated to six weeks of RT combined with WB-NMES (RT + WB-NMES; <i>n</i> = 11) or RT alone (RT; <i>n</i> = 12), performing two supervised sessions per week. Primary outcomes were blood biomarkers related to cardiometabolic risk (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, VLDL-c, triglycerides, fasting glucose, liver enzymes, and C-reactive protein). Secondary outcomes comprised anthropometric measures, body composition, and physical fitness.</p> Results <p>No significant Group × Time interaction was identified for any blood biomarker. A significant main effect of Time was observed for LDL-c (<i>P</i> = 0.002) and total cholesterol (<i>P</i> = 0.001), with post-hoc analyses revealing significant within-group reductions exclusively in the RT + WB-NMES group (LDL-c: <i>P</i> = 0.041, ES = − 1.13; total cholesterol: <i>P</i> = 0.026, ES = − 0.91). No significant Group × Time interaction was found for any anthropometric, body composition, or most physical fitness variables. Lumbar traction strength improved significantly within the RT + WB-NMES group (<i>P</i> = 0.029, ES = 0.99) but not in RT alone (<i>P</i> = 0.569, ES = 0.53).</p> Conclusions <p>Six weeks of RT combined with WB-NMES accelerated reductions in LDL-c and total cholesterol in sedentary middle-aged women, although statistical superiority over RT alone was not demonstrated. These preliminary findings support the cardiometabolic relevance of short-term RT + WB-NMES, though larger trials are required.</p> Trial registration <p>U111113186998 <a href="https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR6zx5zcz">https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR6zx5zcz</a>. Registered on 10/09/2025.</p>

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Effects of short-term resistance training plus whole-body neuromuscular electrical stimulation on blood cardiometabolic biomarkers in sedentary middle-aged women: a parallel-group, randomized trial

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Paulo Vitor Suto Aizava,
  • Vitor de Salles Painelli,
  • Leonardo de Paula Silva,
  • Enzo Berbery Orlandi,
  • Audrei Pavanello,
  • Alexandre Marin Hernandez Cosialls,
  • Kléber Elói Gomes Barbão,
  • Pablo Valdés-Badilla,
  • Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco

摘要

Background

Middle-aged women are disproportionately affected by cardiometabolic deterioration during the menopausal transition. Resistance training (RT) is an established countermeasure, and whole-body neuromuscular electrical stimulation (WB-NMES) may enhance its physiological effects. However, whether short-term RT combined with WB-NMES further improves blood cardiometabolic biomarkers in this population remains unknown.

Methods

In this parallel-group, randomized trial, 23 sedentary middle-aged women (47 ± 6 y, 86.3 ± 15.7 kg, 1.61 ± 0.06 m, 33.2 ± 6.0 kg∙m2) were allocated to six weeks of RT combined with WB-NMES (RT + WB-NMES; n = 11) or RT alone (RT; n = 12), performing two supervised sessions per week. Primary outcomes were blood biomarkers related to cardiometabolic risk (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, VLDL-c, triglycerides, fasting glucose, liver enzymes, and C-reactive protein). Secondary outcomes comprised anthropometric measures, body composition, and physical fitness.

Results

No significant Group × Time interaction was identified for any blood biomarker. A significant main effect of Time was observed for LDL-c (P = 0.002) and total cholesterol (P = 0.001), with post-hoc analyses revealing significant within-group reductions exclusively in the RT + WB-NMES group (LDL-c: P = 0.041, ES = − 1.13; total cholesterol: P = 0.026, ES = − 0.91). No significant Group × Time interaction was found for any anthropometric, body composition, or most physical fitness variables. Lumbar traction strength improved significantly within the RT + WB-NMES group (P = 0.029, ES = 0.99) but not in RT alone (P = 0.569, ES = 0.53).

Conclusions

Six weeks of RT combined with WB-NMES accelerated reductions in LDL-c and total cholesterol in sedentary middle-aged women, although statistical superiority over RT alone was not demonstrated. These preliminary findings support the cardiometabolic relevance of short-term RT + WB-NMES, though larger trials are required.

Trial registration

U111113186998 https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR6zx5zcz. Registered on 10/09/2025.