Background <p>Adolescence is a key time of increased suicide risk. Parents, particularly those who identify as mothers, often face distress when their adolescent(s) attempt suicide. This study aimed to explore mothers’ understandings of the challenges of living with an adolescent with a history of suicide attempts in the context of Iran.</p> Methods <p>A descriptive qualitative study was conducted. Our sampling strategy was purposive. Conventional content analysis of semi-structured interviews with 22 mothers of adolescents with experience of suicide attempts was employed.</p> Results <p>The challenges encountered were categorized into two main themes and six subcategories. Participants predominantly experienced two significant difficulties: residing within a psychologically traumatic environment and confronting both cultural and social impasses. Factors such as uncertainty about the future, apprehensions regarding childbearing, and persistent concerns about suicidal ideation contributed to the psychologically distressing context. Additionally, the convergence of deteriorating familial dynamics, heightened social isolation, and exposure to stigmatizing societal beliefs collectively operated to entrench these mothers within adverse socio-cultural vulnerabilities.</p> Conclusions <p>Caring for adolescents with a history of suicide attempt(s) presents significant psychological, cultural, and social challenges for mothers. The findings of this study may inform policymakers, health administrators, and healthcare professionals, including psychiatrists and psychologists, in developing strategies to enhance psychological well-being through the provision of targeted psychological services such as family therapy and counselling.</p>