Background Frequent consumption of acidic and chromogenic beverages is common among children and may affect the longevity of direct restorations. Resin-based composites with differing resin matrix microstructures may exhibit distinct levels of resistance to discoloration and surface changes. However, scientific data regarding this issue is lacking. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of commonly consumed beverages on the surface roughness average (Ra) and color properties (color difference [ΔE00] and relative translucency parameter [RTP00]) of resin-based composites. Materials and methods A total of 96 specimens (10 mm in diameter × 2 mm in thickness) were fabricated from 3 resin-based composites: An ormocer-based composite (Admira Fusion 5), a nanohybrid composite (Grandio SO), and a microhybrid composite (Filtek Z250). Measurements were obtained at three sequential phases: (1) baseline, (2) after thermocycling, and (3) after immersion in commonly consumed beverages. At baseline, the color coordinates of the specimens were recorded using a spectrophotometer, and Ra values were measured using a contact profilometer (Phase I). Following 5,000 thermocycles, color coordinates and Ra values were measured again (Phase II). Subsequently, all specimens were immersed for 6 days in commonly consumed beverages—distilled water (control), cola, cocoa milk, and iced tea—and the same measurements were repeated (Phase III). Color coordinates measured at each phase were used not only to determine ΔE00 between the experimental phases but also to compute RTP00 values at each phase. Data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05). Results Thermocycling significantly affected RTP00 and ΔE00 values of the tested composites, although its effect on surface roughness was not significant. Dental composite material significantly affected Ra, RTP00, and thermocycling-related ΔE00 values. During beverage immersion, solution type significantly affected ΔE00 values, with a significant material × solution interaction indicating material-dependent staining behavior. Grandio SO exhibited the highest discoloration after cola and iced tea immersion, whereas Admira Fusion 5 demonstrated greater color stability across beverages. Conclusion Resin-based composites responded differently to thermocycling and beverage exposure according to their resin matrix composition. The ormocer-based composite showed better color stability, although the nanohybrid composite was more susceptible to translucency changes and beverage-induced discoloration.

Influence of commonly consumed beverages on surface roughness and color stability of resin-based composites before and after thermocycling

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2026年7月29日

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Melisa Sahin,
Dila Ozyilkan

摘要

Background

Frequent consumption of acidic and chromogenic beverages is common among children and may affect the longevity of direct restorations. Resin-based composites with differing resin matrix microstructures may exhibit distinct levels of resistance to discoloration and surface changes. However, scientific data regarding this issue is lacking. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of commonly consumed beverages on the surface roughness average (Ra) and color properties (color difference [ΔE₀₀] and relative translucency parameter [RTP₀₀]) of resin-based composites.

Materials and methods

A total of 96 specimens (10 mm in diameter × 2 mm in thickness) were fabricated from 3 resin-based composites: An ormocer-based composite (Admira Fusion 5), a nanohybrid composite (Grandio SO), and a microhybrid composite (Filtek Z250). Measurements were obtained at three sequential phases: (1) baseline, (2) after thermocycling, and (3) after immersion in commonly consumed beverages. At baseline, the color coordinates of the specimens were recorded using a spectrophotometer, and Ra values were measured using a contact profilometer (Phase I). Following 5,000 thermocycles, color coordinates and Ra values were measured again (Phase II). Subsequently, all specimens were immersed for 6 days in commonly consumed beverages—distilled water (control), cola, cocoa milk, and iced tea—and the same measurements were repeated (Phase III). Color coordinates measured at each phase were used not only to determine ΔE₀₀ between the experimental phases but also to compute RTP₀₀ values at each phase. Data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05).

Results

Thermocycling significantly affected RTP₀₀ and ΔE₀₀ values of the tested composites, although its effect on surface roughness was not significant. Dental composite material significantly affected Ra, RTP₀₀, and thermocycling-related ΔE₀₀ values. During beverage immersion, solution type significantly affected ΔE₀₀ values, with a significant material × solution interaction indicating material-dependent staining behavior. Grandio SO exhibited the highest discoloration after cola and iced tea immersion, whereas Admira Fusion 5 demonstrated greater color stability across beverages.

Conclusion

Resin-based composites responded differently to thermocycling and beverage exposure according to their resin matrix composition. The ormocer-based composite showed better color stability, although the nanohybrid composite was more susceptible to translucency changes and beverage-induced discoloration.