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Background <p>Edentulism in older adults can impair chewing and swallowing functions, potentially leading to malnutrition and a decline in muscle strength. The role of various removable prosthesis types in reducing these effects remains under-researched.</p> Purpose <p>To evaluate the effects of various removable prosthesis types on nutritional status, self-reported dysphagia risk, and handgrip strength (HGS) in elderly patients with complete or partial edentulism.</p> Materials and methods <p>This prospective study included 27 patients aged 60 or older, categorized into Kennedy Class I, Kennedy Class II, and complete denture groups. Before and three months after prosthesis delivery, the following parameters were assessed: Body Mass Index (BMI), Mini Nutritional Assessment–Short Form (MNA-SF), Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), and HGS via dynamometer.</p> Results <p>No significant difference was found in age distribution among the groups (<i>p</i> = 0.272). BMI was significantly higher in the Kennedy Class I compared to the complete denture group (<i>p</i> = 0.011). No significant changes were observed in MNA-SF or HGS scores between groups or over time (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). EAT-10 scores were significantly reduced in the Kennedy Class I and II groups following prosthesis delivery (Wilcoxon signed-rank test; <i>p</i> = 0.011 and <i>p</i> = 0.017, respectively), indicating improved self-reported swallowing function. A statistically significant inverse correlation was observed between baseline MNA-SF and EAT-10 scores in Kennedy Class I group (Spearmann’s rho = − 0.808; <i>p</i> = 0.008), and a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between baseline handgrip strength and nutritional status scores in the Kennedy Class II group (Spearman’s rho = 0.840; <i>p</i> = 0.009).</p> Conclusion <p>Removable partial dentures significantly improved self-reported swallowing function in older adults with partial edentulism. No significant changes were observed in nutritional status, BMI, or handgrip strength over the three-month follow-up.</p> Clinical implications <p>Prosthetic rehabilitation in elderly patients should be integrated with nutritional and functional screening to optimize both oral and systemic health outcomes.</p>

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Beyond chewing: a three-month prospective evaluation of swallowing, nutrition, and muscle strength in older adults using removable dentures

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Ikbal Leblebicioglu Kurtulus,
  • Sibel Akin,
  • Kerem Kilic,
  • Nazli Ceylan Kabasakal

摘要

Background

Edentulism in older adults can impair chewing and swallowing functions, potentially leading to malnutrition and a decline in muscle strength. The role of various removable prosthesis types in reducing these effects remains under-researched.

Purpose

To evaluate the effects of various removable prosthesis types on nutritional status, self-reported dysphagia risk, and handgrip strength (HGS) in elderly patients with complete or partial edentulism.

Materials and methods

This prospective study included 27 patients aged 60 or older, categorized into Kennedy Class I, Kennedy Class II, and complete denture groups. Before and three months after prosthesis delivery, the following parameters were assessed: Body Mass Index (BMI), Mini Nutritional Assessment–Short Form (MNA-SF), Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), and HGS via dynamometer.

Results

No significant difference was found in age distribution among the groups (p = 0.272). BMI was significantly higher in the Kennedy Class I compared to the complete denture group (p = 0.011). No significant changes were observed in MNA-SF or HGS scores between groups or over time (p > 0.05). EAT-10 scores were significantly reduced in the Kennedy Class I and II groups following prosthesis delivery (Wilcoxon signed-rank test; p = 0.011 and p = 0.017, respectively), indicating improved self-reported swallowing function. A statistically significant inverse correlation was observed between baseline MNA-SF and EAT-10 scores in Kennedy Class I group (Spearmann’s rho = − 0.808; p = 0.008), and a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between baseline handgrip strength and nutritional status scores in the Kennedy Class II group (Spearman’s rho = 0.840; p = 0.009).

Conclusion

Removable partial dentures significantly improved self-reported swallowing function in older adults with partial edentulism. No significant changes were observed in nutritional status, BMI, or handgrip strength over the three-month follow-up.

Clinical implications

Prosthetic rehabilitation in elderly patients should be integrated with nutritional and functional screening to optimize both oral and systemic health outcomes.