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Background <p>To evaluate the effect of different experimental primers containing 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-META) and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) on microshear bond strength (µSBS) and contact angle (CA) in different generations of zirconia.</p> Methods <p>Two experimental primers were prepared: 1 wt% 10-MDP in an ethanol-water solution and 1 wt% 4-META in an acetone-water solution. A commercial primer (Clearfil Ceramic Primer Plus) served as the control. Three zirconia types (3Y-TZP, 4Y-PSZ, 5Y-PSZ) were conditioned and bonded with RelyX ARC resin cement. µSBS (<i>n</i> = 6) was measured after 48&#xa0;h and after 5,000 thermocycles, and fracture patterns were assessed. CA measurements (<i>n</i> = 8) were obtained using the sessile drop method. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).</p> Results <p>Immediate µSBS showed no differences among primers for 3Y-TZP and 4Y-PSZ (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), whereas 10-MDP yielded higher values on 5Y-PSZ compared with 4-META (37.04 ± 5.60&#xa0;MPa vs. 28.53 ± 4.62&#xa0;MPa; <i>p</i> = 0.028). After aging, 4-META showed significantly lower µSBS on 5Y-PSZ (8.27 ± 7.56&#xa0;MPa) than 10-MDP and control (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). For contact angle, 4-META produced lower values on 5Y-PSZ than on 3Y-TZP and 4Y-PSZ (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while 10-MDP had the lowest CA on 3Y-TZP (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Adhesive failures predominated.</p> Conclusions <p>The 10-MDP primer showed stable bonding across all zirconia types, whereas 4-META exhibited reduced bonding stability, particularly on cubic-rich zirconias. These findings highlight the importance of zirconia composition and monomer chemistry in adhesion, indicating that simplified MDP-based formulations may provide effective bonding to high-translucency zirconias.</p>

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Effect of 4-META and 10-MDP primers on the adhesion of resin cement to conventional and translucent polycrystalline dental ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • Nathalia Elen Barbosa dos Santos,
  • Tainah Oliveira Rifane,
  • Guilherme Magalhães Ribeiro,
  • Vitaliano Gomes de Araújo Neto,
  • Madiana Magalhães Moreira,
  • Victor Pinheiro Feitosa,
  • Tan Fırat Eyüboğlu,
  • Mutlu Özcan,
  • Diego Martins de Paula

摘要

Background

To evaluate the effect of different experimental primers containing 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-META) and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) on microshear bond strength (µSBS) and contact angle (CA) in different generations of zirconia.

Methods

Two experimental primers were prepared: 1 wt% 10-MDP in an ethanol-water solution and 1 wt% 4-META in an acetone-water solution. A commercial primer (Clearfil Ceramic Primer Plus) served as the control. Three zirconia types (3Y-TZP, 4Y-PSZ, 5Y-PSZ) were conditioned and bonded with RelyX ARC resin cement. µSBS (n = 6) was measured after 48 h and after 5,000 thermocycles, and fracture patterns were assessed. CA measurements (n = 8) were obtained using the sessile drop method. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Results

Immediate µSBS showed no differences among primers for 3Y-TZP and 4Y-PSZ (p > 0.05), whereas 10-MDP yielded higher values on 5Y-PSZ compared with 4-META (37.04 ± 5.60 MPa vs. 28.53 ± 4.62 MPa; p = 0.028). After aging, 4-META showed significantly lower µSBS on 5Y-PSZ (8.27 ± 7.56 MPa) than 10-MDP and control (p < 0.001). For contact angle, 4-META produced lower values on 5Y-PSZ than on 3Y-TZP and 4Y-PSZ (p < 0.001), while 10-MDP had the lowest CA on 3Y-TZP (p = 0.002). Adhesive failures predominated.

Conclusions

The 10-MDP primer showed stable bonding across all zirconia types, whereas 4-META exhibited reduced bonding stability, particularly on cubic-rich zirconias. These findings highlight the importance of zirconia composition and monomer chemistry in adhesion, indicating that simplified MDP-based formulations may provide effective bonding to high-translucency zirconias.