Background <p>Infraocclusion is the positioning of the occlusal plane of primary molars below the normal level, which can lead to clinical problems such as occlusal disturbances and periodontal defects. There is limited information in the literature regarding the actual frequency in various populations and its association with oral health parameters. The lack of data on its clinical presentation and frequency hinders the development of evidence-based treatment protocols. Therefore, this hospital-based cross-sectional study aims to determine the proportion of infraocclusion in children presenting to a university clinic, identify clinical findings associated with infraocclusion, and assess their gingival health status.</p> Methods <p>This study was conducted between June and November 2021 at Erciyes University. The study population consisted of children aged 5–12, of both genders, attending a university clinic. A clinical and radiographic examination was performed on 3012 patients, with clinical assessment specifically aimed at identifying the presence of infraocclusion. Prevalence, tipping, overeruption, the presence of caries in the infraoccluded and the adjacent tooth, and periodontal status, midline deviation, degree of infraocclusion, were recorded by intraoral examination, and the presence of a successor and alveolar bone height were recorded by radiographic examination.</p> Results <p>The prevalence of infraocclusion was 1.3%; 50 children with 86 teeth were diagnosed as infraoccluded. The mean age value was found to be 9.75. The highest infraocclusion rate of 24.4% is observed in mandibular primary molar teeth 74, 84, and 85. In 60% of the patients, tipping of adjacent teeth towards infraoccluded teeth, overeruption in 32%, and midline deviation in 30% were detected. Alveolar bone height in the region with infraocclusion was found to be statistically significantly lower. 6. 97% of the cases had no successors. Statistical analysis indicated that the severity of infraocclusion did not significantly influence the overall periodontal health of the study participants.</p> Conclusion <p>Infraocclusion is associated with specific clinical signs, including the tipping of adjacent teeth, decreased alveolar bone height, and increased plaque accumulation. However, the severity of infraocclusion does not significantly correlate with poorer periodontal outcomes in this population. Regular screening for infraocclusion is recommended to monitor its impact on occlusal development and guide timely interventions.</p>