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Background <p>The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is biomechanically complex, with disc displacement (DD) causing dysfunction and pain, while the occlusal plane (OP) influences TMJ mechanics. This study investigates the correlation between disc displacement and OP to inform DD.</p> Methods <p>This study included adult patients with temporomandibular disorder complaints. Participants were divided into three groups based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): normal position (N), disc displacement with reduction (DDwR), and disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR). The sagittal and vertical relationships, mandible morphology, dental relationships, and occlusal related index were evaluated using cephalometric measurements. A regression equation was then established after adjusting confounding factors.</p> Results <p>ANOVA test showed that statistical differences (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) could be seen in SNB, ANB, FMA angle, SN-MP, S-Go, Ar-Go and U1-SN among the three groups. As for the occlusal plane related index, FH-OP, FH-POP, MP-OP, FH-U6, FH-L6 had statistical differences with the position of articular disc. The exploration on the occlusal plane related index in sagittal skeletal pattern categorial showed that skeletal pattern did not affect the relationship between the articular disc and the occlusion plane. Additionally, binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the likelihood of DDwoR increases with a one-degree increment in FH-POP and decreases with a one-degree decrement in both FH-U6 and FH-L6.</p> Conclusions <p>Compared with the other two groups, the DDwoR group possessed different craniofacial features. Additionally, the posterior occlusal plane, not anterior or the complete occlusal plane, and axis inclination of first molar is related to DD. In short, there exists an association between articular disc and OP. However, the causal relationship cannot be confirmed, further investigation is still needed between these factors.</p>

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Cephalometric analysis of the relationship between temporomandibular joint disc displacement and occlusal plane

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • Yi Liu,
  • Yunhao Zheng,
  • Yifei Long,
  • Chengxinyue Ye,
  • Qinlanhui Zhang,
  • Xueman Zhou,
  • Xin Xiong,
  • Jun Wang

摘要

Background

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is biomechanically complex, with disc displacement (DD) causing dysfunction and pain, while the occlusal plane (OP) influences TMJ mechanics. This study investigates the correlation between disc displacement and OP to inform DD.

Methods

This study included adult patients with temporomandibular disorder complaints. Participants were divided into three groups based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): normal position (N), disc displacement with reduction (DDwR), and disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR). The sagittal and vertical relationships, mandible morphology, dental relationships, and occlusal related index were evaluated using cephalometric measurements. A regression equation was then established after adjusting confounding factors.

Results

ANOVA test showed that statistical differences (p < 0.05) could be seen in SNB, ANB, FMA angle, SN-MP, S-Go, Ar-Go and U1-SN among the three groups. As for the occlusal plane related index, FH-OP, FH-POP, MP-OP, FH-U6, FH-L6 had statistical differences with the position of articular disc. The exploration on the occlusal plane related index in sagittal skeletal pattern categorial showed that skeletal pattern did not affect the relationship between the articular disc and the occlusion plane. Additionally, binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the likelihood of DDwoR increases with a one-degree increment in FH-POP and decreases with a one-degree decrement in both FH-U6 and FH-L6.

Conclusions

Compared with the other two groups, the DDwoR group possessed different craniofacial features. Additionally, the posterior occlusal plane, not anterior or the complete occlusal plane, and axis inclination of first molar is related to DD. In short, there exists an association between articular disc and OP. However, the causal relationship cannot be confirmed, further investigation is still needed between these factors.