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Background <p>Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) often experience psychological challenges, such as feelings of loss of control, self-care stress, and fear of complications. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of uncontrolled DM, self-efficacy, quality of life (QoL), and well-being among patients with DM in Alqunfudah, Saudi Arabia, and to investigate the associations between these factors and diabetes control.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study employing an online questionnaire was conducted among adults with DM. The questionnaire assessed demographic characteristics, diabetes-related history, and glycemic control based on glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level. Self-efficacy was evaluated using the validated Arabic version of the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale, and the Arabic version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version was utilized to assess QoL. Well-being was measured using the Arabic version of the World Health Organization-Five Well-being Index (WHO-5).</p> Results <p>Four hundred patients with diabetes were included with a mean age of 49.3 ± 14.6 years, 40.8% were males, and 49.25% had uncontrolled DM. Compared to the controlled group, the uncontrolled group had a lower percentage of patients living in urban areas (16.8% vs. 25.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.037), a larger proportion of participants having DM for &gt; 10 years (42.6% vs. 26.6%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), lower median (interquartile [IQR]) self-efficacy score [39.0 (30.0–46.0) vs. 47.0 (34.0–54.0), <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001], lower physical QoL [75.0(60.7–85.7) vs. 67.8 (50.0–82.1), <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001], and lower environmental QoL [(78.1(62.5–87.5) vs. 68.7(59.3–84.3), <i>p</i> = 0.005]. Predictors of glycemic control included the physical domain of QoL [adjusted odd ratio (aOR) = 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.03), <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001] duration of DM for 1–2 years [aOR = 2.53 (95% CI: 1.08–5.91), <i>p</i>= 0.032], 3–5 years [aOR = 3.76 (95% CI: 1.90–7.43), <i>p</i>&lt; 0.001 ], and 6–10 years [aOR = 1.85 (95% CI: 1.04–3.32), <i>p</i> = 0.036], and urban residence [aOR = 1.88 (95% CI: 1.11–3.18), <i>p</i> = 0.017].</p> Conclusions <p>A large sector of patients with diabetes had uncontrolled blood sugar with greater affection of QoL and self-efficacy compared to the controlled group. Physical QoL, duration of DM, and residence were the key factors to be targeted for improved diabetes management.</p>

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Assessment of self-efficacy, quality of life, and well-being of patients with diabetes mellitus in Alqunfudah, Saudi Arabia

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月7日

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  • Saleh Ahmed Alshaikhi,
  • Fatimah Hassan Alfaqih,
  • Atheer Khalid Alrashdi,
  • Fatimah Ali Alamri,
  • Amirah Saleh Alzubaidi,
  • Amnah Ibrahim Alnashri,
  • Bandar Mohammed Alsharidi,
  • Salma Mohammed Alshreef,
  • Amwaj Saaied Almantashri,
  • Omar Ahmed Alshaikhi,
  • Ayoub Ali Alshaikh,
  • Mohammed Ahmed Alshaikhi,
  • Ramy Mohamed Ghazy

摘要

Background

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) often experience psychological challenges, such as feelings of loss of control, self-care stress, and fear of complications. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of uncontrolled DM, self-efficacy, quality of life (QoL), and well-being among patients with DM in Alqunfudah, Saudi Arabia, and to investigate the associations between these factors and diabetes control.

Methods

A cross-sectional study employing an online questionnaire was conducted among adults with DM. The questionnaire assessed demographic characteristics, diabetes-related history, and glycemic control based on glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level. Self-efficacy was evaluated using the validated Arabic version of the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale, and the Arabic version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version was utilized to assess QoL. Well-being was measured using the Arabic version of the World Health Organization-Five Well-being Index (WHO-5).

Results

Four hundred patients with diabetes were included with a mean age of 49.3 ± 14.6 years, 40.8% were males, and 49.25% had uncontrolled DM. Compared to the controlled group, the uncontrolled group had a lower percentage of patients living in urban areas (16.8% vs. 25.6%, p = 0.037), a larger proportion of participants having DM for > 10 years (42.6% vs. 26.6%, p < 0.001), lower median (interquartile [IQR]) self-efficacy score [39.0 (30.0–46.0) vs. 47.0 (34.0–54.0), p < 0.001], lower physical QoL [75.0(60.7–85.7) vs. 67.8 (50.0–82.1), p < 0.001], and lower environmental QoL [(78.1(62.5–87.5) vs. 68.7(59.3–84.3), p = 0.005]. Predictors of glycemic control included the physical domain of QoL [adjusted odd ratio (aOR) = 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.03), p < 0.001] duration of DM for 1–2 years [aOR = 2.53 (95% CI: 1.08–5.91), p= 0.032], 3–5 years [aOR = 3.76 (95% CI: 1.90–7.43), p< 0.001 ], and 6–10 years [aOR = 1.85 (95% CI: 1.04–3.32), p = 0.036], and urban residence [aOR = 1.88 (95% CI: 1.11–3.18), p = 0.017].

Conclusions

A large sector of patients with diabetes had uncontrolled blood sugar with greater affection of QoL and self-efficacy compared to the controlled group. Physical QoL, duration of DM, and residence were the key factors to be targeted for improved diabetes management.