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Background <p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) alone or in combination with standard chemotherapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) have been tested as first-line treatment in clinical trials. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor alone or combined with chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic UC in a real world clinical care setting, and sought to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS).</p> Methods <p>A retrospective, real-world study involving 35 locally advanced or metastatic UC patients treated with PD-1 inhibitor alone or in combination with chemotherapy was conducted. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and OS. A Cox regression analysis was conducted to explore the association of baseline variables with OS.</p> Results <p>In our cohort of 35 patients, 7 patients were treated with PD-1 inhibitor alone and 28 with PD-1 inhibitor plus platinum-based chemotherapy. The median OS was 16.0 months (95% CI: 11.9–20.1), and median PFS was 12.0 months (95% CI: 8.6–15.4) for all patients. PD-1 inhibitor combined with chemotherapy was associated with better PFS than PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (HR: 0.19, <i>p</i> = 0.018). Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) of any grade occurred in 5 (71.4%) patients who received PD-1 inhibitor and 24 (85.7%) patients who received PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were identified as prognostic factors.</p> Conclusion <p>This study suggested that patients with locally advanced or metastatic UC could benefit from PD-1 inhibitor alone or combined with chemotherapy in daily clinical practice. ECOG PS and NLR can be used for prognostication of survival.</p>

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Programmed cell death 1 inhibitor alone or combined with chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a single-center experience

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2024年12月31日

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  • Xing Huang,
  • Chupeng Sun,
  • Peng Zhang,
  • Lei Wang

摘要

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) alone or in combination with standard chemotherapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) have been tested as first-line treatment in clinical trials. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor alone or combined with chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic UC in a real world clinical care setting, and sought to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS).

Methods

A retrospective, real-world study involving 35 locally advanced or metastatic UC patients treated with PD-1 inhibitor alone or in combination with chemotherapy was conducted. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and OS. A Cox regression analysis was conducted to explore the association of baseline variables with OS.

Results

In our cohort of 35 patients, 7 patients were treated with PD-1 inhibitor alone and 28 with PD-1 inhibitor plus platinum-based chemotherapy. The median OS was 16.0 months (95% CI: 11.9–20.1), and median PFS was 12.0 months (95% CI: 8.6–15.4) for all patients. PD-1 inhibitor combined with chemotherapy was associated with better PFS than PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (HR: 0.19, p = 0.018). Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) of any grade occurred in 5 (71.4%) patients who received PD-1 inhibitor and 24 (85.7%) patients who received PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were identified as prognostic factors.

Conclusion

This study suggested that patients with locally advanced or metastatic UC could benefit from PD-1 inhibitor alone or combined with chemotherapy in daily clinical practice. ECOG PS and NLR can be used for prognostication of survival.