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Purpose <p>To analyse the short-term effectiveness of soft bracing in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients in terms of the correction success rate, daily wear time and comfort levels and explore the sources of heterogeneity.</p> Methods <p>A literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Web Of Science, and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the literature database to April 2023. According to the evaluation criteria for the effectiveness of bracing from the International Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT) and the evaluation indicators of the success rate in previous studies, the success rate was defined as a Cobb angle ≤ 5° curve progression at maturity and a terminal follow-up angle &lt; 45°. The success rate of soft bracing was compared with that of observation and rigid bracing. The daily wear time and comfort levels of soft bracing were compared with those of rigid bracing. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4, Stata 15.0 and IBM SPSS 25.0.</p> Results <p>Twelve studies involving 510 patients were included in the meta-analysis. In the single-arm analysis of 12 studies, the success rate of soft braces was 70% [OR = 0.70, 95% CI (0.61, 0.77), <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001]. In the double-arm analysis, 4 studies reported that the success rate of soft bracing was lower than that of rigid bracing [RR = 0.66, 95% CI (0.53, 0.81), <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001]. Three studies reported that the success rate of soft bracing was higher than that of observation [RR = 2.02, 95% CI (1.41, 2.89), <i>P</i> = 0.0001]. According to the subgroup analysis, the success rate of the Cobb angle &lt; 30° was 71% [OR = 0.71, 95% CI (0.63, 0.78), <i>P</i> &lt; 0.00001], and the success rate of the prospective studies was 75% [OR = 0.75, 95% CI (0.70, 0.79), <i>P</i> &lt; 0.00001]. The study types were heterogeneous source and the subgroup with a Cobb angle &lt; 30° had a higher success rate and less heterogeneity. The wear time every day of the brace was 20.83 ± 2.08&#xa0;h for the soft braces and 12.85 ± 2.08&#xa0;h for the rigid braces, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (<i>t</i> = 10.39, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusions <p>Soft braces had short-term effectiveness for mild to moderate AIS patients compared with observation groups, and they had a lower success rate and higher daily wear time and comfort levels than rigid bracing. The subgroup of patients with a Cobb angle &lt; 30° had a higher success rate and less heterogeneity in terms of soft bracing.</p>

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Short-term effectiveness of soft bracing in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Chunxiao Lu,
  • Xinjing Wu,
  • Jinzhu Bai

摘要

Purpose

To analyse the short-term effectiveness of soft bracing in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients in terms of the correction success rate, daily wear time and comfort levels and explore the sources of heterogeneity.

Methods

A literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Web Of Science, and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the literature database to April 2023. According to the evaluation criteria for the effectiveness of bracing from the International Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT) and the evaluation indicators of the success rate in previous studies, the success rate was defined as a Cobb angle ≤ 5° curve progression at maturity and a terminal follow-up angle < 45°. The success rate of soft bracing was compared with that of observation and rigid bracing. The daily wear time and comfort levels of soft bracing were compared with those of rigid bracing. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4, Stata 15.0 and IBM SPSS 25.0.

Results

Twelve studies involving 510 patients were included in the meta-analysis. In the single-arm analysis of 12 studies, the success rate of soft braces was 70% [OR = 0.70, 95% CI (0.61, 0.77), P < 0.0001]. In the double-arm analysis, 4 studies reported that the success rate of soft bracing was lower than that of rigid bracing [RR = 0.66, 95% CI (0.53, 0.81), P < 0.0001]. Three studies reported that the success rate of soft bracing was higher than that of observation [RR = 2.02, 95% CI (1.41, 2.89), P = 0.0001]. According to the subgroup analysis, the success rate of the Cobb angle < 30° was 71% [OR = 0.71, 95% CI (0.63, 0.78), P < 0.00001], and the success rate of the prospective studies was 75% [OR = 0.75, 95% CI (0.70, 0.79), P < 0.00001]. The study types were heterogeneous source and the subgroup with a Cobb angle < 30° had a higher success rate and less heterogeneity. The wear time every day of the brace was 20.83 ± 2.08 h for the soft braces and 12.85 ± 2.08 h for the rigid braces, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (t = 10.39, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Soft braces had short-term effectiveness for mild to moderate AIS patients compared with observation groups, and they had a lower success rate and higher daily wear time and comfort levels than rigid bracing. The subgroup of patients with a Cobb angle < 30° had a higher success rate and less heterogeneity in terms of soft bracing.