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Background <p>Disparities in the availability, distribution, and density of formal unhealthy and healthy food outlets around schools have been observed based on sociodemographic neighborhood characteristics; however, little is known about street food outlets (SFOs).</p> Objective <p>To analyze the spatial characteristics of healthy and unhealthy SFOs around public schools in a Mexico City neighborhood and their association with environmental factors.</p> Methodology <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify SFOs located within a 500-meter buffer&#xa0;around 67 public schools situated in a neighborhood with diverse levels of marginalization in Mexico City. The nutritional healthfulness&#xa0;index (NH-index)—defined as the percentage of available healthful food and beverage groups—was calculated for each SFO using a&#xa0;validated tool for the Mexican context. Logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association between null&#xa0;healthfulness (null-NH), defined as 0% availability of healthy food groups, and environmental characteristics. Additionally, spatial&#xa0;analyses were conducted to examine the distribution and density of SFOs around schools.</p> Results <p>In total, 1296 SFOs were identified within 500 m around schools. In total, 42.4% of them were classified as unhealthy. SFOs located in areas with a very high SDI, farther from schools, and with a higher total population per block were less likely to be classified as null-NH. </p> Conclusions <p>Unhealthy street food outlets are highly concentrated near public schools in vulnerable areas of Mexico City. While new regulations aim to reduce exposure to these products, further research is needed to evaluate their impact.</p>

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Healthfulness of street food outlets around public schools in Mexico

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月18日

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  • Catalina Medina,
  • Citlali González,
  • Ana Laura González-Alejo,
  • Uzzi López,
  • Martín Romero,
  • Tania Aburto,
  • Simón Barquera

摘要

Background

Disparities in the availability, distribution, and density of formal unhealthy and healthy food outlets around schools have been observed based on sociodemographic neighborhood characteristics; however, little is known about street food outlets (SFOs).

Objective

To analyze the spatial characteristics of healthy and unhealthy SFOs around public schools in a Mexico City neighborhood and their association with environmental factors.

Methodology

A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify SFOs located within a 500-meter buffer around 67 public schools situated in a neighborhood with diverse levels of marginalization in Mexico City. The nutritional healthfulness index (NH-index)—defined as the percentage of available healthful food and beverage groups—was calculated for each SFO using a validated tool for the Mexican context. Logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association between null healthfulness (null-NH), defined as 0% availability of healthy food groups, and environmental characteristics. Additionally, spatial analyses were conducted to examine the distribution and density of SFOs around schools.

Results

In total, 1296 SFOs were identified within 500 m around schools. In total, 42.4% of them were classified as unhealthy. SFOs located in areas with a very high SDI, farther from schools, and with a higher total population per block were less likely to be classified as null-NH.

Conclusions

Unhealthy street food outlets are highly concentrated near public schools in vulnerable areas of Mexico City. While new regulations aim to reduce exposure to these products, further research is needed to evaluate their impact.