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Background <p>The prevalence of suicide has increased in recent years, and understanding the factors that contribute to this can help prevent suicide. This study aimed to determine the status of suicide literacy and suicide stigma and their relationship with demographic factors.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the status of suicide literacy and suicide stigma and their relationship with demographic factors among the 960 general population in Gonabad (a city in the northeast of Iran) in 2023. Data collection instruments comprised of demographic questionnaires, the literacy of suicide scale, and the stigma of suicide scale, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software.</p> Results <p>Only 0.7% (<i>n</i> = 7) were able to choose the correct answer of 19 or more suicide literacy items. In addition, only 1.3% (<i>n</i> = 12) of the participants had chosen the incorrect answer for all suicide literacy items. There was a significant relationship between sex (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), age group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), marital status (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), education level (<i>p</i> = 0.003), occupation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), economic status (<i>p</i> = 0.011), sources of obtaining health information (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and get information related to mental illness (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) with suicide literacy. There was a significant relationship between sex (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), age group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), marital status (<i>p</i> = 0.001), occupation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), sources of obtaining health information (<i>p</i> = 0.032), and get information related to mental illness (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) with suicide stigma. Based on the Pearson correlation findings, there was a negative and significant correlation between suicide literacy and suicide stigma (<i>r</i>= -0.277, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The findings of the linear regression showed that the subscales of treatment/prevention and causes/triggers had the greatest impact on predicting suicide stigma.</p> Conclusion <p>These results underscore the urgent need to design health interventions to enhance suicide literacy. Also, developing evidence-based educational campaigns with the aim at improving suicide literacy particularly regarding treatment/prevention and causes/triggers could be an effective strategy for reducing suicide stigma in the general population.</p>

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The status of suicide literacy and suicide stigma: their association with demographic factors among Iranian general population

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Alireza Jafari ,
  • Mahdi Moshki,
  • Elaheh Lael-Monfared,
  • Mahbobeh Nejatian,
  • Fatemehzahra Naddafi

摘要

Background

The prevalence of suicide has increased in recent years, and understanding the factors that contribute to this can help prevent suicide. This study aimed to determine the status of suicide literacy and suicide stigma and their relationship with demographic factors.

Methods

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the status of suicide literacy and suicide stigma and their relationship with demographic factors among the 960 general population in Gonabad (a city in the northeast of Iran) in 2023. Data collection instruments comprised of demographic questionnaires, the literacy of suicide scale, and the stigma of suicide scale, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software.

Results

Only 0.7% (n = 7) were able to choose the correct answer of 19 or more suicide literacy items. In addition, only 1.3% (n = 12) of the participants had chosen the incorrect answer for all suicide literacy items. There was a significant relationship between sex (p < 0.001), age group (p < 0.001), marital status (p < 0.001), education level (p = 0.003), occupation (p < 0.001), economic status (p = 0.011), sources of obtaining health information (p < 0.001), and get information related to mental illness (p < 0.001) with suicide literacy. There was a significant relationship between sex (p < 0.001), age group (p < 0.001), marital status (p = 0.001), occupation (p < 0.001), sources of obtaining health information (p = 0.032), and get information related to mental illness (p < 0.001) with suicide stigma. Based on the Pearson correlation findings, there was a negative and significant correlation between suicide literacy and suicide stigma (r= -0.277, p < 0.001). The findings of the linear regression showed that the subscales of treatment/prevention and causes/triggers had the greatest impact on predicting suicide stigma.

Conclusion

These results underscore the urgent need to design health interventions to enhance suicide literacy. Also, developing evidence-based educational campaigns with the aim at improving suicide literacy particularly regarding treatment/prevention and causes/triggers could be an effective strategy for reducing suicide stigma in the general population.