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Background <p>Occupational Hearing Loss (OHL) is a significant health concern among oil workers, influenced by environmental and occupational factors. This study investigates the independent and synergistic effects of air pollution and noise exposure on OHL risk in this high-risk population.</p> Methods <p>A prospective cohort study included 1,179 oil workers from Hebei Province, China, with baseline data (2017–2019) and follow-up until 2023. Air pollution exposure (PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, CO, and the Air Quality Comprehensive Index, AQCI) was assessed using monitoring station data, while cumulative noise exposure (dB(A)-year) was calculated from workplace measurements. Multivariable-adjusted Modified Poisson regression and Restricted Cubic Splines (RCS) analyzed associations and dose-response relationships.</p> Results <p>The OHL incidence was 34.5% (<i>n</i> = 407). Air pollutants exhibited significant nonlinear associations with OHL: PM<sub>2.5</sub> showed a U-shaped curve, SO<sub>2</sub> an inverted U-shape, and NO<sub>2</sub> an S-shaped curve. Noise exposure ≥ 85 dB(A)-year tripled OHL risk (Relative Risk, RR = 2.361, Confidence Interval, 95%CI: 1.861–2.994). Synergistic effects were robust for AQCI (RR = 5.776, 95%CI:3.225–10.345) and NO<sub>2</sub> (RR = 4.297, 95%CI:1.879–9.825) with high noise exposure, while PM<sub>10</sub> demonstrated antagonistic effects.</p> Conclusions <p>Air pollution and noise exposure independently and synergistically increase OHL risk in oil workers. AQCI and NO<sub>2</sub>, combined with noise, are critical risk factors. These findings underscore the need for integrated exposure monitoring, optimized ventilation, and enhanced personal protective measures in high-risk occupational settings.</p>

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Effects of air pollution and noise exposure on occupational hearing loss in oil workers: a prospective cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月23日

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  • Zheng Li,
  • Haoruo Zhang,
  • Nan Wang,
  • Shangmingzhu Zhang,
  • Zhenghao Luo,
  • Xiaoqing Xuan,
  • Mingyue Liu,
  • Xinyang Chen,
  • Xiaoming Li,
  • Ling Xue,
  • Jianhui Wu

摘要

Background

Occupational Hearing Loss (OHL) is a significant health concern among oil workers, influenced by environmental and occupational factors. This study investigates the independent and synergistic effects of air pollution and noise exposure on OHL risk in this high-risk population.

Methods

A prospective cohort study included 1,179 oil workers from Hebei Province, China, with baseline data (2017–2019) and follow-up until 2023. Air pollution exposure (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and the Air Quality Comprehensive Index, AQCI) was assessed using monitoring station data, while cumulative noise exposure (dB(A)-year) was calculated from workplace measurements. Multivariable-adjusted Modified Poisson regression and Restricted Cubic Splines (RCS) analyzed associations and dose-response relationships.

Results

The OHL incidence was 34.5% (n = 407). Air pollutants exhibited significant nonlinear associations with OHL: PM2.5 showed a U-shaped curve, SO2 an inverted U-shape, and NO2 an S-shaped curve. Noise exposure ≥ 85 dB(A)-year tripled OHL risk (Relative Risk, RR = 2.361, Confidence Interval, 95%CI: 1.861–2.994). Synergistic effects were robust for AQCI (RR = 5.776, 95%CI:3.225–10.345) and NO2 (RR = 4.297, 95%CI:1.879–9.825) with high noise exposure, while PM10 demonstrated antagonistic effects.

Conclusions

Air pollution and noise exposure independently and synergistically increase OHL risk in oil workers. AQCI and NO2, combined with noise, are critical risk factors. These findings underscore the need for integrated exposure monitoring, optimized ventilation, and enhanced personal protective measures in high-risk occupational settings.