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Objective <p>To investigate subjective and objective sleep characteristics between adolescents with and without non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) during depressive episodes.</p> Design <p>Case-control study.</p> Participants <p>The study comprised 125 adolescents aged 12–19 years hospitalized between December 2022 and June 2024, stratified into NSSI (<i>n</i> = 70) and non-NSSI (<i>n</i> = 55) groups based on the presence or absence of non-suicidal self-injury behaviors.</p> Measurements <p>Subjective sleep characteristics were measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and objective sleep characteristics were obtained through polysomnography.</p> Results <p>Significant between-group differences emerged in gender distribution, depression severity, anxiety levels, and psychological symptoms profiles (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that NSSI was independently positively associated with subjective sleep insufficiency (OR = 3.71, 95%CI:1.38–9.98, <i>P</i> = 0.009) and objectively measured prolonged sleep latency (OR = 1.03, 95%CI:1.00-1.06, <i>P</i> = 0.024).</p> Conclusions <p>NSSI was significantly associated with reduced sleep duration and elevated sleep latency, which may serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers for NSSI risk in adolescents during depressive episodes.</p>

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Sleep characteristics and non-suicidal self-injury: unveiling the association in depressed adolescents

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月28日

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  • Jiarong Liang,
  • Yihui Liu,
  • Tingting Zhang,
  • Fujun Jia,
  • Cailan Hou

摘要

Objective

To investigate subjective and objective sleep characteristics between adolescents with and without non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) during depressive episodes.

Design

Case-control study.

Participants

The study comprised 125 adolescents aged 12–19 years hospitalized between December 2022 and June 2024, stratified into NSSI (n = 70) and non-NSSI (n = 55) groups based on the presence or absence of non-suicidal self-injury behaviors.

Measurements

Subjective sleep characteristics were measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and objective sleep characteristics were obtained through polysomnography.

Results

Significant between-group differences emerged in gender distribution, depression severity, anxiety levels, and psychological symptoms profiles (P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that NSSI was independently positively associated with subjective sleep insufficiency (OR = 3.71, 95%CI:1.38–9.98, P = 0.009) and objectively measured prolonged sleep latency (OR = 1.03, 95%CI:1.00-1.06, P = 0.024).

Conclusions

NSSI was significantly associated with reduced sleep duration and elevated sleep latency, which may serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers for NSSI risk in adolescents during depressive episodes.