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Background <p>Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a biologically heterogeneous malignancy with variable clinical outcomes. Molecular subtyping has improved understanding of tumor biology and therapeutic stratification.</p> Materials and methods <p>This retrospective study included 64 cases of MIBC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using GATA3, CK5/6, p53, and FGFR3 to classify tumours into molecular subtypes. HER2 expression was also evaluated and correlated with clinicopathological parameters.</p> Results <p>Luminal subtype was predominant (76.6%). CK5/6 positivity was observed in 38.3% of cases. Aberrant p53 expression was noted in 79.8% of tumours. FGFR3 expression was detected in 17% of cases and was significantly associated with luminal subtype. HER2 overexpression was more frequent in luminal tumours. Basal tumours showed better response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, whereas luminal tumours demonstrated higher FGFR3 and HER2 expression. p53-altered tumours showed features of chemoresistance.</p> Conclusion <p>IHC-based molecular classification is a practical surrogate for transcriptomic profiling in MIBC and may assist in prognostication and therapeutic decision-making.</p>

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Immunohistochemical evaluation of molecular subtypes in muscle invasive bladder cancer with demographic correlation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Pranita Mohanty,
  • Megha Subhangini

摘要

Background

Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a biologically heterogeneous malignancy with variable clinical outcomes. Molecular subtyping has improved understanding of tumor biology and therapeutic stratification.

Materials and methods

This retrospective study included 64 cases of MIBC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using GATA3, CK5/6, p53, and FGFR3 to classify tumours into molecular subtypes. HER2 expression was also evaluated and correlated with clinicopathological parameters.

Results

Luminal subtype was predominant (76.6%). CK5/6 positivity was observed in 38.3% of cases. Aberrant p53 expression was noted in 79.8% of tumours. FGFR3 expression was detected in 17% of cases and was significantly associated with luminal subtype. HER2 overexpression was more frequent in luminal tumours. Basal tumours showed better response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, whereas luminal tumours demonstrated higher FGFR3 and HER2 expression. p53-altered tumours showed features of chemoresistance.

Conclusion

IHC-based molecular classification is a practical surrogate for transcriptomic profiling in MIBC and may assist in prognostication and therapeutic decision-making.