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<p>Microbial biomarkers have emerged as promising tools for early cancer detection and disease monitoring. This study aimed to investigate microbial biomarkers and sex-associated differences in gut microbiota associated with thyroid cancer (TC). A total of 268 participants were recruited: 60 females with TC, 26 males with TC, and 182 healthy controls. The patient and healthy groups were comparable in terms of age and sex ratio. We first compared the gut microbiota between the patients and healthy participants, followed by sex-specific analyses: female patients vs. female controls, and male patients vs. male controls. Predictive models were used to explore the role of gut microbiota in predicting TC. Correlations between gut microbiota and T stage (i.e., T1 to Tx) were also investigated. The alpha and beta diversities differed between the patients and healthy participants. Sex-specific analysis demonstrated that <i>Blautia</i> and <i>Alistipes</i> were the dominant bacteria shared by both female and male patients. A 25.0% overlap in dominant bacteria was found between the male and female patients. The unique dominant bacteria in female patients constituted 43.8% (7/16) and mainly included <i>Schaalia</i>, <i>Moraxella</i> and <i>Alicyclobacillus</i>. In male patients, the unique dominant bacteria constituted 55.6% (10/18) and included <i>Holdemanella</i>, <i>Clostridium_sensu_stricto</i>, and <i>Senegalimassilia</i>. Regardless of sex, <i>Catenibacterium</i> was the distinguishing feature between patients and healthy participants (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.911). When combined with <i>Aquabacterium</i> and <i>Dialister</i>, the predictive accuracy increased (AUC = 0.992). Male and female patients exhibited both shared and distinct sex-specific microbiota compositions, potentially influenced by hormonal regulation, immune responses, and metabolic differences. These variations may contribute to differences in TC susceptibility and progression. The findings underscore the need for further research to confirm the functional significance of the identified microbiota and explore their potential clinical applications.</p>

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Microbial biomarkers and sex-associated gut microbiota characteristics of thyroid cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Juxiang Gou,
  • Ziyi Hu,
  • Ming Cai,
  • Shirong Zhang,
  • Shiyu Zhou,
  • Xianqiong Feng,
  • Yali Tian,
  • Ka Li,
  • Xiuying Hu,
  • Xinxia Liu,
  • Xiaofang Pei,
  • Lvbo Tian,
  • Haojiang Zuo,
  • Mei Rosemary Fu

摘要

Microbial biomarkers have emerged as promising tools for early cancer detection and disease monitoring. This study aimed to investigate microbial biomarkers and sex-associated differences in gut microbiota associated with thyroid cancer (TC). A total of 268 participants were recruited: 60 females with TC, 26 males with TC, and 182 healthy controls. The patient and healthy groups were comparable in terms of age and sex ratio. We first compared the gut microbiota between the patients and healthy participants, followed by sex-specific analyses: female patients vs. female controls, and male patients vs. male controls. Predictive models were used to explore the role of gut microbiota in predicting TC. Correlations between gut microbiota and T stage (i.e., T1 to Tx) were also investigated. The alpha and beta diversities differed between the patients and healthy participants. Sex-specific analysis demonstrated that Blautia and Alistipes were the dominant bacteria shared by both female and male patients. A 25.0% overlap in dominant bacteria was found between the male and female patients. The unique dominant bacteria in female patients constituted 43.8% (7/16) and mainly included Schaalia, Moraxella and Alicyclobacillus. In male patients, the unique dominant bacteria constituted 55.6% (10/18) and included Holdemanella, Clostridium_sensu_stricto, and Senegalimassilia. Regardless of sex, Catenibacterium was the distinguishing feature between patients and healthy participants (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.911). When combined with Aquabacterium and Dialister, the predictive accuracy increased (AUC = 0.992). Male and female patients exhibited both shared and distinct sex-specific microbiota compositions, potentially influenced by hormonal regulation, immune responses, and metabolic differences. These variations may contribute to differences in TC susceptibility and progression. The findings underscore the need for further research to confirm the functional significance of the identified microbiota and explore their potential clinical applications.