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Purpose <p>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of postoperative adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (PA-HAIC) plus programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors versus PA-HAIC alone for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with microvascular invasion (MVI).</p> Methods <p>This retrospective study included HCC patients with MVI who were treated with either PA-HAIC or PA-HAIC plus PD-1 inhibitors between February 2021 and February 2024. The differences in baseline characteristics, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups before and after propensity score-matching (PSM). The treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were compared among the two groups after PSM. Cox regression analysis was utilized to determine factors affecting DFS and OS.</p> Results <p>A total of 102 patients were included in the study: 65 in the PA-HAIC group and 37 in the PA-HAIC plus PD-1 group. PSM analysis generated 32 matched pairs of patients in the two groups. The HCC patients in the PA-HAIC plus PD-1 group experienced significantly better DFS compared to those in the PA-HAIC group alone (HR: 0.412; <i>P</i> = 0.031). However, there was no significant difference in OS between the two groups (<i>P</i> = 0.124). Multivariate analysis identified the treatment option (PA-HAIC vs. PA-HAIC + PD-1) as an independent predictive factor for DFS of the patients. Furthermore, the results indicated no statistically significant difference in the incidence of TRAEs between the two groups (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>In comparison with PA-HAIC alone, PA-HAIC combined with PD-1 inhibitors could improve the DFS benefits with acceptable safety profiles in HCC patients with MVI.</p>

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Efficacy and safety of postoperative adjuvant HAIC with FOLFOX combining PD-1 inhibitors in HCC patients with microvascular invasion: a propensity score matching analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月7日

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  • Yuxin Liang,
  • Deyuan Zhong,
  • Jin Shang,
  • Hongtao Yan,
  • Yuhao Su,
  • Yahui Chen,
  • Qinyan Yang,
  • Xiaolun Huang

摘要

Purpose

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of postoperative adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (PA-HAIC) plus programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors versus PA-HAIC alone for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with microvascular invasion (MVI).

Methods

This retrospective study included HCC patients with MVI who were treated with either PA-HAIC or PA-HAIC plus PD-1 inhibitors between February 2021 and February 2024. The differences in baseline characteristics, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups before and after propensity score-matching (PSM). The treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were compared among the two groups after PSM. Cox regression analysis was utilized to determine factors affecting DFS and OS.

Results

A total of 102 patients were included in the study: 65 in the PA-HAIC group and 37 in the PA-HAIC plus PD-1 group. PSM analysis generated 32 matched pairs of patients in the two groups. The HCC patients in the PA-HAIC plus PD-1 group experienced significantly better DFS compared to those in the PA-HAIC group alone (HR: 0.412; P = 0.031). However, there was no significant difference in OS between the two groups (P = 0.124). Multivariate analysis identified the treatment option (PA-HAIC vs. PA-HAIC + PD-1) as an independent predictive factor for DFS of the patients. Furthermore, the results indicated no statistically significant difference in the incidence of TRAEs between the two groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

In comparison with PA-HAIC alone, PA-HAIC combined with PD-1 inhibitors could improve the DFS benefits with acceptable safety profiles in HCC patients with MVI.