Scholarlink

Background <p>The role of serum progesterone levels and the benefit of rescue luteal support in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles remain debated. While low serum progesterone has been linked to poorer outcomes, evidence on whether supplementation improves pregnancy rates is inconsistent.</p> Objective <p>To evaluate the impact of serum progesterone levels and additional progesterone supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing FET.</p> Methods <p>In this controlled, single-blind trial, 74 women were allocated into three groups: Group I (<i>n</i> = 26, progesterone &lt; 10 ng/mL, standard luteal support), Group II (<i>n</i> = 23, progesterone &lt; 10 ng/mL, standard luteal support + 400&#xa0;mg progesterone), and Group III (<i>n</i> = 25, progesterone ≥ 10 ng/mL, standard luteal support). Primary outcome was clinical pregnancy; secondary outcomes included biochemical and ongoing pregnancy, and pregnancy loss. Logistic regression identified independent predictors.</p> Results <p>Progesterone levels differed significantly between groups both on transfer day and three days later (<i>p</i> &lt; .001). Pregnancy outcomes did not differ significantly: biochemical pregnancy (50.0%, 34.8%, 44.0%), clinical pregnancy (42.3%, 34.8%, 44.0%), ongoing pregnancy (42.3%, 30.4%, 44.0%), and pregnancy loss (7.7%, 4.3%, 0%) for Groups I–III, respectively. Maternal age was the only consistent predictor across models, negatively associated with pregnancy outcomes (OR 0.85–0.87, <i>p</i> &lt; .05).</p> Conclusion <p>Supplemental luteal support in women with low progesterone mitigate negative effects, as outcomes were comparable to women with normal progesterone even though it did not significantly improve pregnancy outcomes. Maternal age remained the strongest predictor. Larger trials are needed to clarify benefits in high-risk subgroups and to define optimal progesterone thresholds.</p> Trial registration <p>Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), IRCT20200905048630N2, registered on 22 Aguest 2021.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Impact of serum progesterone levels and rescue progesterone supplemental luteal support on pregnancy outcomes in frozen embryo transfer: a controlled trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月1日

查看全文
  • Maryam Azizi Kutenaee,
  • Sonia Falah Khorsand,
  • Farzaneh Fesahat,
  • Minoo Vahedi Raad,
  • Fatemeh Afshar,
  • Ensieh Salehi

摘要

Background

The role of serum progesterone levels and the benefit of rescue luteal support in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles remain debated. While low serum progesterone has been linked to poorer outcomes, evidence on whether supplementation improves pregnancy rates is inconsistent.

Objective

To evaluate the impact of serum progesterone levels and additional progesterone supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing FET.

Methods

In this controlled, single-blind trial, 74 women were allocated into three groups: Group I (n = 26, progesterone < 10 ng/mL, standard luteal support), Group II (n = 23, progesterone < 10 ng/mL, standard luteal support + 400 mg progesterone), and Group III (n = 25, progesterone ≥ 10 ng/mL, standard luteal support). Primary outcome was clinical pregnancy; secondary outcomes included biochemical and ongoing pregnancy, and pregnancy loss. Logistic regression identified independent predictors.

Results

Progesterone levels differed significantly between groups both on transfer day and three days later (p < .001). Pregnancy outcomes did not differ significantly: biochemical pregnancy (50.0%, 34.8%, 44.0%), clinical pregnancy (42.3%, 34.8%, 44.0%), ongoing pregnancy (42.3%, 30.4%, 44.0%), and pregnancy loss (7.7%, 4.3%, 0%) for Groups I–III, respectively. Maternal age was the only consistent predictor across models, negatively associated with pregnancy outcomes (OR 0.85–0.87, p < .05).

Conclusion

Supplemental luteal support in women with low progesterone mitigate negative effects, as outcomes were comparable to women with normal progesterone even though it did not significantly improve pregnancy outcomes. Maternal age remained the strongest predictor. Larger trials are needed to clarify benefits in high-risk subgroups and to define optimal progesterone thresholds.

Trial registration

Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), IRCT20200905048630N2, registered on 22 Aguest 2021.

Graphical abstract