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Background <p>Viral pneumonia is a leading cause of death in young children worldwide. Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance has been reported in various infectious diseases. This study aimed to evaluate oxidative stress and antioxidant defense markers — specifically malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) — in children hospitalized with pneumonia compared to healthy controls.</p> Methods <p>This case-control study included 53 children aged 2 to 10 years: 27 children with pneumonia and 26 healthy controls. Plasma MDA, SOD, and TAC levels were measured using ELISA kits (Kiazist Company, Iran). Blood samples were collected at the time of hospitalization. A researcher-designed checklist recorded demographic information (age, sex, weight, and BMI). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 14 software. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p> Results <p>MDA and SOD levels in the pneumonia group (2.49 ± 0.52 µmol/L and 3.47 ± 0.69 U/mL, respectively) were significantly higher than those in the control group (1.63 ± 0.34 µmol/L and 1.33 ± 0.20 U/mL, respectively) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Conversely, TAC levels in the pneumonia group (0.88 ± 0.18 mmol/L) were significantly lower than those in the control group (1.69 ± 0.21 mmol/L) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusion <p>Pneumonia in children is associated with increased oxidative stress and decreased systemic antioxidant capacity. These findings suggest that redox imbalance may play a role in the pathophysiology of the disease; however, causal relationships and therapeutic implications remain to be confirmed, as interventional and longitudinal studies are lacking. Antioxidant modulation may warrant further investigation as an adjunctive therapy.</p>

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Evaluation of oxidative stress level: total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase activity in children with pneumonia compared to healthy children

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Zohreh Shalchi,
  • Aref kamyab Anvari,
  • Roya Najafi Vosough,
  • Homa Naderifar,
  • Fereshteh mehri

摘要

Background

Viral pneumonia is a leading cause of death in young children worldwide. Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance has been reported in various infectious diseases. This study aimed to evaluate oxidative stress and antioxidant defense markers — specifically malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) — in children hospitalized with pneumonia compared to healthy controls.

Methods

This case-control study included 53 children aged 2 to 10 years: 27 children with pneumonia and 26 healthy controls. Plasma MDA, SOD, and TAC levels were measured using ELISA kits (Kiazist Company, Iran). Blood samples were collected at the time of hospitalization. A researcher-designed checklist recorded demographic information (age, sex, weight, and BMI). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 14 software. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

MDA and SOD levels in the pneumonia group (2.49 ± 0.52 µmol/L and 3.47 ± 0.69 U/mL, respectively) were significantly higher than those in the control group (1.63 ± 0.34 µmol/L and 1.33 ± 0.20 U/mL, respectively) (p < 0.001). Conversely, TAC levels in the pneumonia group (0.88 ± 0.18 mmol/L) were significantly lower than those in the control group (1.69 ± 0.21 mmol/L) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Pneumonia in children is associated with increased oxidative stress and decreased systemic antioxidant capacity. These findings suggest that redox imbalance may play a role in the pathophysiology of the disease; however, causal relationships and therapeutic implications remain to be confirmed, as interventional and longitudinal studies are lacking. Antioxidant modulation may warrant further investigation as an adjunctive therapy.