Background To describe the distribution of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma spp. detections and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among symptomatic patients evaluated for urogenital infection at a tertiary care center in Turkey over six years (2019–2024). Methods This retrospective study included adults who underwent laboratory testing for Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma spp. due to urogenital infection symptoms. Clinical specimens included first-void urine samples and urethral or cervical swabs. Detection was performed using a commercial multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay, with culture-based confirmation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results A total of 525 patients with laboratory-detected Ureaplasma spp. and/or Mycoplasma spp. were analyzed. Ureaplasma spp. were detected in 92.6% of cases, Mycoplasma spp. in 1.5%, and dual detection in 5.9% of cases. The median age was 29 years (range: 17–83 years), and 69.0% were male. Urethral discharge (42.9%) and unprotected sexual contact (67.0%) were the most common symptoms. Coexisting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were recorded, with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) being the most frequently reported. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high resistance to fluoroquinolones, particularly ciprofloxacin (79.3% in Ureaplasma spp. and 56.4% in Mycoplasma spp.). Tetracycline susceptibility was observed in 75.2% and 71.8% of isolates, respectively, whereas josamycin showed the highest susceptibility rates (96.1% and 82.1%). Antibiotic therapy was prescribed in 85.1% of patients, mostly doxycycline-based therapy. Follow-up evaluation was performed in 48.2% of cases. Conclusion In this six-year, single-center cohort of symptomatic patients, Ureaplasma spp. was the predominant genital mycoplasma detected, with resistance to several antimicrobial agents, particularly fluoroquinolones. As species-level identification, clinical outcome assessment, and systematic follow-up data were limited, these findings should be viewed as descriptive local surveillance data rather than direct treatment-guiding evidence. Trial registration Not applicable. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma in urethritis: a six-year retrospective study

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2026年5月20日

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Halime Araz,
Saliha Kazcı,
Yusuf Gökkurt

摘要

Background

To describe the distribution of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma spp. detections and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among symptomatic patients evaluated for urogenital infection at a tertiary care center in Turkey over six years (2019–2024).

Methods

This retrospective study included adults who underwent laboratory testing for Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma spp. due to urogenital infection symptoms. Clinical specimens included first-void urine samples and urethral or cervical swabs. Detection was performed using a commercial multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay, with culture-based confirmation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Results

A total of 525 patients with laboratory-detected Ureaplasma spp. and/or Mycoplasma spp. were analyzed. Ureaplasma spp. were detected in 92.6% of cases, Mycoplasma spp. in 1.5%, and dual detection in 5.9% of cases. The median age was 29 years (range: 17–83 years), and 69.0% were male. Urethral discharge (42.9%) and unprotected sexual contact (67.0%) were the most common symptoms. Coexisting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were recorded, with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) being the most frequently reported. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high resistance to fluoroquinolones, particularly ciprofloxacin (79.3% in Ureaplasma spp. and 56.4% in Mycoplasma spp.). Tetracycline susceptibility was observed in 75.2% and 71.8% of isolates, respectively, whereas josamycin showed the highest susceptibility rates (96.1% and 82.1%). Antibiotic therapy was prescribed in 85.1% of patients, mostly doxycycline-based therapy. Follow-up evaluation was performed in 48.2% of cases.

Conclusion

In this six-year, single-center cohort of symptomatic patients, Ureaplasma spp. was the predominant genital mycoplasma detected, with resistance to several antimicrobial agents, particularly fluoroquinolones. As species-level identification, clinical outcome assessment, and systematic follow-up data were limited, these findings should be viewed as descriptive local surveillance data rather than direct treatment-guiding evidence.

Trial registration

Not applicable.

Clinical trial number

Not applicable.