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Introduction <p>Antimicrobial resistance has become a global public health threat putting the health of millions in danger. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor the trends of resistant bacterial pathogens to better inform public health policies aiming at containing the spread of antimicrobial resistance.</p> Objective <p>This study aimed to assess the prevalence and trends of <i>E. coli</i> resistance from 2020 to 2024 among patients suspected of urinary tract infection in Ethiopia.</p> Methods <p>For this study, five years data (2020–2024) from 16 laboratory-based AMR surveillance system sentinel sites were captured by WHONET software and analyzed using R programming language. The data included 4696 <i>E. coli</i> isolates from urine specimens. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and its distribution. Correspondence analysis was used to demonstrate the antimicrobial resistance profile by visualizing the <i>E. coli</i> resistance levels to antibiotics. Furthermore, the Cochran Armitage trend test was employed to test the null hypothesis of no linear trend in antimicrobial resistance against the alternative of a linear trend.</p> Results <p>The majority of patients (<i>n</i> = 2353, 58%) with isolates (<i>n</i> = 2711, 57.7%) were females and 1703 (42%) of patients with 1985 (42.3%) isolates were males. Among 16 sentinel sites, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and St. Paul’s Hospital contributed the highest numbers of <i>E. coli</i> isolates. Ampicillin, Cefazolin, Cefotaxime, Cefuroxime, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole were among a high burden of <i>E. coli</i> resistance rates exceeding 70%, whereas Imipenem, Meropenem, Nitrofurantoin, Amikacin, and Gentamicin exhibited <i>E. coli</i> resistance rates below 30% across 2020 to 2024.</p> Conclusion <p>The study findings revealed that a high burden and increasing trends of antimicrobial resistance among E.coli isolates from urine samples. These results highlight a critical need to strengthen the national AMR surveillance systems and antimicrobial stewardship programs to help control the growing antimicrobial resistance in the country.</p>

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A national surveillance study on five-year trends in AMR of E. coli from urine samples in Ethiopia

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月4日

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  • Negga Asamene Abera,
  • Senahara Korsa Wake,
  • Semira Ebrahim Geleto,
  • Degefu Beyene Gobene,
  • Zeleke Ayenew Matebie,
  • Etsehiwot Adamu Tsegaye,
  • Amete Mihret Teshale,
  • Mheret Tesfaye Gobena,
  • Gebrie Alebachew Belete,
  • Dawit Sekata Duressa,
  • Tewodros Minwuyelet Anteneh,
  • Jemal Mohammed Hussien,
  • Gemechis Bulti Tura,
  • Eshetu Gadisa Dabale,
  • Daniel Dejene Wondimagegnehu,
  • Daniel Demissie Gebremariam,
  • Birhan Moges Ejigu,
  • Dereje Mamuye G/Tsadik,
  • Addis Abebe Engidasew,
  • Ebissa Fekede Adeba,
  • Mulushewa G/Egziabhere,
  • Surafel Fentaw Dinku,
  • Estifanos Tsigie,
  • Tesfa Addis Kefale,
  • Eliyas Seyoum,
  • Dawit Asefa,
  • Geremew Tassew,
  • Gemechu Tadese Leta,
  • Rajiha Abuboker Ibrahim,
  • Abebe Aseffa Negeri,
  • Meseret Asefa Oda,
  • Bruke Gezhagene Birhanu,
  • Yonas Mekonnen Gebeyehu,
  • Dejenie Shiferaw Teklu,
  • Degefa Habte,
  • Muruts Berhane Hailu,
  • Mulu Gebretsadik Gebremedhin,
  • Kibra Hailu Desta,
  • Eyasu Tigabu Seyoum,
  • Bethelhem Getu Bekele

摘要

Introduction

Antimicrobial resistance has become a global public health threat putting the health of millions in danger. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor the trends of resistant bacterial pathogens to better inform public health policies aiming at containing the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the prevalence and trends of E. coli resistance from 2020 to 2024 among patients suspected of urinary tract infection in Ethiopia.

Methods

For this study, five years data (2020–2024) from 16 laboratory-based AMR surveillance system sentinel sites were captured by WHONET software and analyzed using R programming language. The data included 4696 E. coli isolates from urine specimens. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and its distribution. Correspondence analysis was used to demonstrate the antimicrobial resistance profile by visualizing the E. coli resistance levels to antibiotics. Furthermore, the Cochran Armitage trend test was employed to test the null hypothesis of no linear trend in antimicrobial resistance against the alternative of a linear trend.

Results

The majority of patients (n = 2353, 58%) with isolates (n = 2711, 57.7%) were females and 1703 (42%) of patients with 1985 (42.3%) isolates were males. Among 16 sentinel sites, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and St. Paul’s Hospital contributed the highest numbers of E. coli isolates. Ampicillin, Cefazolin, Cefotaxime, Cefuroxime, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole were among a high burden of E. coli resistance rates exceeding 70%, whereas Imipenem, Meropenem, Nitrofurantoin, Amikacin, and Gentamicin exhibited E. coli resistance rates below 30% across 2020 to 2024.

Conclusion

The study findings revealed that a high burden and increasing trends of antimicrobial resistance among E.coli isolates from urine samples. These results highlight a critical need to strengthen the national AMR surveillance systems and antimicrobial stewardship programs to help control the growing antimicrobial resistance in the country.