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Background <p>Population ageing poses significant challenges to health systems worldwide, emphasizing the need to promote healthy ageing and maintain quality of life (QoL) among older adults. In Saudi Arabia, rapid demographic transitions and health reforms under Vision 2030 highlight the importance of understanding region-specific factors associated with QoL, particularly among community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to examine the associations between healthy ageing indicators and QoL, and to identify key factors associated with QoL among older adults residing in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.</p> Methods <p>Between February and April 2025, a cross-sectional survey was implemented at the community level involving 372 individuals aged 65 years or above. Information was gathered via in-person interviews using a standardized instrument that assessed demographic and health-related variables, health literacy, lifestyle behaviors, and QoL using the Arabic SF-36 questionnaire. Both correlation testing and multivariable linear regression analysis were applied to identify factors independently associated with overall QoL.</p> Results <p>Participants’ age averaged 71.8 ± 5.3 years, with a high prevalence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Overall QoL scores indicated moderate impairment, particularly in physical domains. Physical functioning (β = 0.31) and emotional well-being (β = 0.24) showed the strongest positive associations with QoL, while the number of chronic diseases (β = − 0.28) and polypharmacy (β = − 0.12) were negatively associated with QoL (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Social engagement and health literacy were also positively associated with QoL. Chronological age was not independently associated after adjustment.</p> Conclusion <p>QoL among older adults in Tabuk is shaped predominantly by modifiable physical, emotional, and social factors rather than age alone. Multidimensional healthy ageing strategies that focus on functional ability, mental health, social participation, and optimized medication use may contribute to improved wellbeing; further research is needed to confirm their impact.</p>

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Healthy ageing and quality of life: exploring factors associated with quality of life among older adults in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Rahaf Alatawi,
  • Sara Aljadrawi,
  • Yara Aljohani,
  • Turki Alanazi,
  • Hanan Alshareef,
  • Ahmed Mohsen Elsaid Hamdan,
  • Kousalya Prabahar

摘要

Background

Population ageing poses significant challenges to health systems worldwide, emphasizing the need to promote healthy ageing and maintain quality of life (QoL) among older adults. In Saudi Arabia, rapid demographic transitions and health reforms under Vision 2030 highlight the importance of understanding region-specific factors associated with QoL, particularly among community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to examine the associations between healthy ageing indicators and QoL, and to identify key factors associated with QoL among older adults residing in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.

Methods

Between February and April 2025, a cross-sectional survey was implemented at the community level involving 372 individuals aged 65 years or above. Information was gathered via in-person interviews using a standardized instrument that assessed demographic and health-related variables, health literacy, lifestyle behaviors, and QoL using the Arabic SF-36 questionnaire. Both correlation testing and multivariable linear regression analysis were applied to identify factors independently associated with overall QoL.

Results

Participants’ age averaged 71.8 ± 5.3 years, with a high prevalence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Overall QoL scores indicated moderate impairment, particularly in physical domains. Physical functioning (β = 0.31) and emotional well-being (β = 0.24) showed the strongest positive associations with QoL, while the number of chronic diseases (β = − 0.28) and polypharmacy (β = − 0.12) were negatively associated with QoL (all p < 0.05). Social engagement and health literacy were also positively associated with QoL. Chronological age was not independently associated after adjustment.

Conclusion

QoL among older adults in Tabuk is shaped predominantly by modifiable physical, emotional, and social factors rather than age alone. Multidimensional healthy ageing strategies that focus on functional ability, mental health, social participation, and optimized medication use may contribute to improved wellbeing; further research is needed to confirm their impact.