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Background <p>With China’s rapidly aging population, intrinsic capacity (IC) impairment among older adults has emerged as a critical public health issue, significantly contributing to increased disease burden and mortality. Currently, most studies focus on the impact of sleep duration on a single domain of IC in older adults; however, the overall association between sleep duration and IC remains largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and IC in older adults and analyze the interrelationships across IC domains using Bayesian Network (BN).</p> Methods <p>Data were retrieved from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) covering the period from 2011 to 2020. A total of 5,430 participants without IC impairment at baseline were followed up to assess the prevalence of IC impairment across different sleep duration groups. Additionally, BN analysis was conducted on 42,746 participants between 2010 and 2020 to examine the relationship between sleep duration and five domains of IC.</p> Results <p>The prevalence of IC impairment in 2011 was 21.4%. Between 2011 and 2020, an additional 1,682 participants developed IC impairment, resulting in a morbidity of 44.8% in 2020. The prevalence of IC impairment in both the short sleep (&lt; 7&#xa0;h) and long sleep (&gt; 9&#xa0;h) groups consistently exceeded that of the moderate sleep (7–9&#xa0;h) group. BN analysis revealed a more complex relationship: psychological and locomotion function were directly related to sleep duration, whereas vitality, cognition, and sensory were indirectly related. Among the five domains of IC, cognition displayed the highest probability of impairment. And short sleep duration predominantly negatively affected psychological function, whereas excess sleep duration impaired sensory most.</p> Conclusions <p>Both short and long sleep were associated with higher IC impairment. Short sleep negatively affected psychological function, while excess sleep impaired sensory. Maintaining 7–9&#xa0;h’ sleep is important for preserving IC in older adults.</p> Trial registration <p>not applicable.</p>

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Association between sleep duration and intrinsic capacity in older adults: evidence from a longitudinal cohort study and Bayesian network analyses

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月17日

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  • Caixuan Xie,
  • Yuting Zhang,
  • Lei Zhu,
  • Guanyang Zou

摘要

Background

With China’s rapidly aging population, intrinsic capacity (IC) impairment among older adults has emerged as a critical public health issue, significantly contributing to increased disease burden and mortality. Currently, most studies focus on the impact of sleep duration on a single domain of IC in older adults; however, the overall association between sleep duration and IC remains largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and IC in older adults and analyze the interrelationships across IC domains using Bayesian Network (BN).

Methods

Data were retrieved from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) covering the period from 2011 to 2020. A total of 5,430 participants without IC impairment at baseline were followed up to assess the prevalence of IC impairment across different sleep duration groups. Additionally, BN analysis was conducted on 42,746 participants between 2010 and 2020 to examine the relationship between sleep duration and five domains of IC.

Results

The prevalence of IC impairment in 2011 was 21.4%. Between 2011 and 2020, an additional 1,682 participants developed IC impairment, resulting in a morbidity of 44.8% in 2020. The prevalence of IC impairment in both the short sleep (< 7 h) and long sleep (> 9 h) groups consistently exceeded that of the moderate sleep (7–9 h) group. BN analysis revealed a more complex relationship: psychological and locomotion function were directly related to sleep duration, whereas vitality, cognition, and sensory were indirectly related. Among the five domains of IC, cognition displayed the highest probability of impairment. And short sleep duration predominantly negatively affected psychological function, whereas excess sleep duration impaired sensory most.

Conclusions

Both short and long sleep were associated with higher IC impairment. Short sleep negatively affected psychological function, while excess sleep impaired sensory. Maintaining 7–9 h’ sleep is important for preserving IC in older adults.

Trial registration

not applicable.