<p>This systematic review investigates the association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment among hospitalized older populations across five studies with diverse geographic settings. The review reveals a significant association between these conditions, emphasizing the impact of sarcopenia on cognitive function. Variability in diagnostic criteria and sample demographics across studies underscores the need for standardized methods to enhance comparability. The findings suggest that sarcopenia and cognitive impairment are interlinked through potentially shared pathological processes, highlighting the importance of early detection and integrated management in geriatric care. Future research should focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms and developing targeted interventions to mitigate these conditions.</p>