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Background <p>The present work focused on investigating the frailty status of older nursing home residents by analyzing the relationships among loneliness, sarcopenia, and frailty. The study explored the mediating effect of sarcopenia on loneliness and frailty among elderly individuals.<!--Query ID="Q1" Text="Please check if the author names are captured correctly." Resolved="yes"--></p> Methods <p>From January to June 2022, 190 elderly individuals were enrolled from four nursing homes in Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhanjiang, and Nanning using a convenience sampling method. A field survey was conducted using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Frailty Phenotype, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the SARC-F screening tool. The data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 and Process 4.1 software. Normally distributed continuous variables are presented as the means ± standard deviations (Mean±SD) . Associations among loneliness, sarcopenia, and frailty were assessed via Pearson correlation analysis. Moreover, the mediating effect of sarcopenia on loneliness and frailty was examined via linear regression. The bootstrap method in Process 4.1 was employed to test its mediating effect.<!--Query ID="Q2" Text="Please check if the affiliations are captured correctly." Resolved="yes"--></p> Results <p>The frailty prevalence among elderly nursing home residents was 34.74%. The loneliness score was positively related to the frailty score (<i>r</i> = 0.156, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05, 95% CI:0.014–0.292), the sarcopenia score was positively related to the frailty score (<i>r</i> = 0.512, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01, 95% CI:0.399–0.610), and the loneliness score was positively related to the sarcopenia score (<i>r</i> = 0.214, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01, 95%CI:0.074–0.346). Sarcopenia demonstrated a complete mediating effect on loneliness and frailty among elderly nursing home residents. Sarcopenia typically achieved a mediating effect of 0.107 (95% CI: 0.026–0.197), accounting for 68.59% of the overall effect.</p> Conclusions <p>Sarcopenia is a key factor influencing the occurrence of frailty in lonely elderly individuals in nursing homes.</p>

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The mediating role of sarcopenia in the link between loneliness and frailty among nursing home residents: a cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Zhenfei Chen,
  • Dongxing Zheng,
  • Shangqing Wu,
  • Jiaze Dai,
  • Haiman Huang,
  • Yu Yang

摘要

Background

The present work focused on investigating the frailty status of older nursing home residents by analyzing the relationships among loneliness, sarcopenia, and frailty. The study explored the mediating effect of sarcopenia on loneliness and frailty among elderly individuals.

Methods

From January to June 2022, 190 elderly individuals were enrolled from four nursing homes in Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhanjiang, and Nanning using a convenience sampling method. A field survey was conducted using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Frailty Phenotype, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the SARC-F screening tool. The data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 and Process 4.1 software. Normally distributed continuous variables are presented as the means ± standard deviations (Mean±SD) . Associations among loneliness, sarcopenia, and frailty were assessed via Pearson correlation analysis. Moreover, the mediating effect of sarcopenia on loneliness and frailty was examined via linear regression. The bootstrap method in Process 4.1 was employed to test its mediating effect.

Results

The frailty prevalence among elderly nursing home residents was 34.74%. The loneliness score was positively related to the frailty score (r = 0.156, P < 0.05, 95% CI:0.014–0.292), the sarcopenia score was positively related to the frailty score (r = 0.512, P < 0.01, 95% CI:0.399–0.610), and the loneliness score was positively related to the sarcopenia score (r = 0.214, P < 0.01, 95%CI:0.074–0.346). Sarcopenia demonstrated a complete mediating effect on loneliness and frailty among elderly nursing home residents. Sarcopenia typically achieved a mediating effect of 0.107 (95% CI: 0.026–0.197), accounting for 68.59% of the overall effect.

Conclusions

Sarcopenia is a key factor influencing the occurrence of frailty in lonely elderly individuals in nursing homes.