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Background <p>Crohn’s disease can adversely affect bone mineral density and low bone mineral density is a concern in pediatric Crohn’s disease. We evaluated factors associated with below-average bone mineral density (z-score ≤ − 1.0) at Crohn’s disease diagnosis.</p> Methods <p>We retrospectively analyzed patients &lt; 19 years diagnosed with Crohn’s disease at a single center. All patients underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at diagnosis. Lumbar spine (L1–L4) z-scores were used and below-average bone mineral density was defined as z–score ≤ − 1.0. Growth delay was defined according to the Paris classification.</p> Results <p>A total of 575 patients were analyzed and 27.2% had below-average bone mineral density. Compared with those with z–score &gt; − 1.0, children with z–score ≤ − 1.0 were more often female, had lower hematocrit and weight/height/body mass index z-scores, higher Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index at diagnosis, and more frequent growth delay (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Lower weight z-score (OR 0.465, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and growth delay (OR 1.846, P 0.011) were independently associated with below-average bone mineral density.</p> Conclusions <p>Lower weight z-score and growth delay are independently linked to below-average bone mineral density at Crohn’s disease diagnosis. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating bone mineral density at diagnosis and closely monitoring patients with these risk factors.</p>

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Factors associated with low bone mineral density at diagnosis in pediatric Crohn’s disease: a large retrospective cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Hansol Kim,
  • Yoon Zi Kim,
  • Seon Young Kim,
  • Yon Ho Choe,
  • Mi Jin Kim

摘要

Background

Crohn’s disease can adversely affect bone mineral density and low bone mineral density is a concern in pediatric Crohn’s disease. We evaluated factors associated with below-average bone mineral density (z-score ≤ − 1.0) at Crohn’s disease diagnosis.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed patients < 19 years diagnosed with Crohn’s disease at a single center. All patients underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at diagnosis. Lumbar spine (L1–L4) z-scores were used and below-average bone mineral density was defined as z–score ≤ − 1.0. Growth delay was defined according to the Paris classification.

Results

A total of 575 patients were analyzed and 27.2% had below-average bone mineral density. Compared with those with z–score > − 1.0, children with z–score ≤ − 1.0 were more often female, had lower hematocrit and weight/height/body mass index z-scores, higher Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index at diagnosis, and more frequent growth delay (all P < 0.05). Lower weight z-score (OR 0.465, P < 0.001) and growth delay (OR 1.846, P 0.011) were independently associated with below-average bone mineral density.

Conclusions

Lower weight z-score and growth delay are independently linked to below-average bone mineral density at Crohn’s disease diagnosis. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating bone mineral density at diagnosis and closely monitoring patients with these risk factors.