Scholarlink

Background <p>Postoperative pain control after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains challenging. Intraoperative dexmedetomidine and ketamine are commonly used in multimodal analgesia to reduce pain and opioid requirements. This study aimed to compare their effects on opioid consumption, pain, hemodynamics and satisfaction.</p> Materials and methods <p>This prospective, randomized, double-blind study included 104 adults (≥ 18&#xa0;years) with ASA I–III status undergoing TKA under spinal anesthesia. After all patients had received spinal anesthesia, they were randomized into two equal groups (<i>n</i> = 52). Group D received dexmedetomidine (1&#xa0;µg/kg loading dose, then 0.5&#xa0;µg/kg/h); Group K received ketamine (0.1&#xa0;mg/kg/h without a loading dose). Sedation level was titrated to achieve a modified Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) score of 3–4. Postoperatively, a single-shot femoral nerve block was administered to all patients. Primary outcome was total opioid consumption in 24&#xa0;h. Secondary outcomes included Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, hemodynamic parameters, side effects and patient satisfaction.</p> Results <p>Tramadol use in 24&#xa0;h was similar (Group D: 175.29 ± 44.62&#xa0;mg; Group K: 155 ± 44.48&#xa0;mg; <i>p</i> = 0.44). VAS scores were comparable at all time points. Time to ambulation was longer in the ketamine group (Group D: 4.4 ± 1.4&#xa0;h; Group K: 5.3 ± 2.5&#xa0;h; <i>p</i> = 0.04). Group D showed significantly lower heart rate and blood pressure values at multiple time points (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Patient satisfaction was high in both groups and no hypotension or bradycardia occurred in any group.</p> Conclusion <p>Although no significant differences were found between dexmedetomidine and ketamine, both agents provided comparable analgesia and opioid consumption, supporting their potential role as adjuvants in multimodal analgesia for patients undergoing TKA.</p> Trial registration <p>ISRCTN11906298, retrospectively registered on 13.06.2025.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

The effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine versus ketamine on postoperative pain in patients receiving a femoral nerve block for total knee arthroplasty: a randomized trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月27日

查看全文
  • Senem Urfalı,
  • Onur Koyuncu

摘要

Background

Postoperative pain control after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains challenging. Intraoperative dexmedetomidine and ketamine are commonly used in multimodal analgesia to reduce pain and opioid requirements. This study aimed to compare their effects on opioid consumption, pain, hemodynamics and satisfaction.

Materials and methods

This prospective, randomized, double-blind study included 104 adults (≥ 18 years) with ASA I–III status undergoing TKA under spinal anesthesia. After all patients had received spinal anesthesia, they were randomized into two equal groups (n = 52). Group D received dexmedetomidine (1 µg/kg loading dose, then 0.5 µg/kg/h); Group K received ketamine (0.1 mg/kg/h without a loading dose). Sedation level was titrated to achieve a modified Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) score of 3–4. Postoperatively, a single-shot femoral nerve block was administered to all patients. Primary outcome was total opioid consumption in 24 h. Secondary outcomes included Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, hemodynamic parameters, side effects and patient satisfaction.

Results

Tramadol use in 24 h was similar (Group D: 175.29 ± 44.62 mg; Group K: 155 ± 44.48 mg; p = 0.44). VAS scores were comparable at all time points. Time to ambulation was longer in the ketamine group (Group D: 4.4 ± 1.4 h; Group K: 5.3 ± 2.5 h; p = 0.04). Group D showed significantly lower heart rate and blood pressure values at multiple time points (p < 0.001). Patient satisfaction was high in both groups and no hypotension or bradycardia occurred in any group.

Conclusion

Although no significant differences were found between dexmedetomidine and ketamine, both agents provided comparable analgesia and opioid consumption, supporting their potential role as adjuvants in multimodal analgesia for patients undergoing TKA.

Trial registration

ISRCTN11906298, retrospectively registered on 13.06.2025.