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Background <p>BGLUs (<i>β-glucosidase</i>) are members of the glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) and play essential roles in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stresses. Although extensive genome-wide studies of <i>BGLU</i> gene families have been conducted in numerous plant species, the <i>BGLU</i> gene family in <i>Morus alba</i> has not been systematically characterized.</p> Results <p>In this study, 41 <i>MaBGLU</i> genes were identified from the <i>M. alba</i> genome and their biological characteristics were analyzed using bioinformatics approaches. The MaBGLU proteins exhibited considerable variation in physicochemical properties and were classified into eight mulberry-specific subfamilies based on the <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> classification system. Sequence alignment revealed conserved core motifs among MaBGLU proteins, along with broadly similar exon-intron organization. Chromosomal mapping showed that the 41 <i>MaBGLU</i> genes were unevenly distributed across nine chromosomes, with six tandem duplication events involving 30 genes and one segmental duplication detected. Promoter analysis identified numerous cis-acting elements associated with stress and hormone responses. Expression analysis of nine <i>MaBGLU</i> genes under abiotic stress and hormone treatments revealed distinct expression patterns, underscoring the important roles of <i>MaBGLU</i> genes in abiotic stress adaptation and hormone signaling pathways.</p> Conclusions <p>This study provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding the functions of β-glucosidases in woody plants and identifies promising candidate genes for stress-tolerance breeding in <i>M. alba</i>.</p>

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Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of glycoside hydrolase family 1 in Morus alba

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Ju Tang,
  • Yingjing Ru,
  • Yalin Deng,
  • Zhen Zeng,
  • Shenghao Zhang,
  • Minxiao Zhou,
  • Mingyue Xie,
  • Mengze Liu,
  • Renhua Liu,
  • Liping Gan,
  • Jingtao Hu

摘要

Background

BGLUs (β-glucosidase) are members of the glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) and play essential roles in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stresses. Although extensive genome-wide studies of BGLU gene families have been conducted in numerous plant species, the BGLU gene family in Morus alba has not been systematically characterized.

Results

In this study, 41 MaBGLU genes were identified from the M. alba genome and their biological characteristics were analyzed using bioinformatics approaches. The MaBGLU proteins exhibited considerable variation in physicochemical properties and were classified into eight mulberry-specific subfamilies based on the Arabidopsis thaliana classification system. Sequence alignment revealed conserved core motifs among MaBGLU proteins, along with broadly similar exon-intron organization. Chromosomal mapping showed that the 41 MaBGLU genes were unevenly distributed across nine chromosomes, with six tandem duplication events involving 30 genes and one segmental duplication detected. Promoter analysis identified numerous cis-acting elements associated with stress and hormone responses. Expression analysis of nine MaBGLU genes under abiotic stress and hormone treatments revealed distinct expression patterns, underscoring the important roles of MaBGLU genes in abiotic stress adaptation and hormone signaling pathways.

Conclusions

This study provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding the functions of β-glucosidases in woody plants and identifies promising candidate genes for stress-tolerance breeding in M. alba.