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<p>This study performed genome-wide identification and functional characterization of <i>BAHD</i> genes in Korla fragrant pear and investigated their roles in the defense response against Valsa canker. A total of 42 <i>PsBAHD</i> members were identified. Evolutionary and collinearity analyses indicated that this gene family is evolutionarily conserved across Rosaceae species and has been subjected to strong purifying selection. Expression profiling under pathogen infection revealed that several <i>PsBAHD</i> members, especially <i>PsBAHD6</i>, exhibited time-specific expression following pathogen infection. Subcellular localization showed <i>PsBAHD6</i> is localized in both the nucleus and cell membrane, suggesting potential dual-site biological functions in the pear's response to Valsa canker. Functional analysis revealed that overexpression of <i>PsBAHD6</i> in pear callus enhanced resistance to Valsa canker, reducing lesion area by 39.3% to 55.2% compared with the wild type (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). This was accompanied by increased activities of antioxidant enzymes—SOD by 40.2% to 72.8%, POD by 97.8% to 135.8%, and CAT by 47.3% to 77.8% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05)—along with significantly elevated phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, which is closely associated with disease resistance, and a marked reduction in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> accumulation. In contrast, silencing <i>PsBAHD6</i> via VIGS in Korla fragrant pear seedlings resulted in increased disease susceptibility upon pathogen challenge. This was associated with decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes: SOD declined by 20.5% to 26.2%, POD by 34.2% to 42.3%, and CAT was significantly inhibited, dropping by 33.1% to 47.8% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). PAL activity also decreased by 25.3% to 30.8% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), leading to an increase in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> levels. These findings suggest that <i>PsBAHD6</i> likely functions as a key positive regulator of Valsa canker resistance in Korla fragrant pear. The results provide insights into a theoretical basis for understanding the disease resistance mechanism of <i>BAHD</i> family members in pear and could offer valuable genetic resources for breeding Valsa canker-resistant Korla fragrant pear cultivars.</p>

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Identification of the BAHD gene family in Korla fragrant pear and functional characterization of PsBAHD6 in resistance to pear Valsa canker

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Wang Lanfei,
  • Yu Mingyang,
  • Jia Yuanyuan,
  • Wang Hao,
  • Zhao Keke,
  • Liu Can,
  • Fan Weifan,
  • Li Xin,
  • Zeng Junkai,
  • Wu Xiao,
  • Zhang Shaoling,
  • Bao Jianping

摘要

This study performed genome-wide identification and functional characterization of BAHD genes in Korla fragrant pear and investigated their roles in the defense response against Valsa canker. A total of 42 PsBAHD members were identified. Evolutionary and collinearity analyses indicated that this gene family is evolutionarily conserved across Rosaceae species and has been subjected to strong purifying selection. Expression profiling under pathogen infection revealed that several PsBAHD members, especially PsBAHD6, exhibited time-specific expression following pathogen infection. Subcellular localization showed PsBAHD6 is localized in both the nucleus and cell membrane, suggesting potential dual-site biological functions in the pear's response to Valsa canker. Functional analysis revealed that overexpression of PsBAHD6 in pear callus enhanced resistance to Valsa canker, reducing lesion area by 39.3% to 55.2% compared with the wild type (p < 0.05). This was accompanied by increased activities of antioxidant enzymes—SOD by 40.2% to 72.8%, POD by 97.8% to 135.8%, and CAT by 47.3% to 77.8% (p < 0.05)—along with significantly elevated phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, which is closely associated with disease resistance, and a marked reduction in H2O2 accumulation. In contrast, silencing PsBAHD6 via VIGS in Korla fragrant pear seedlings resulted in increased disease susceptibility upon pathogen challenge. This was associated with decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes: SOD declined by 20.5% to 26.2%, POD by 34.2% to 42.3%, and CAT was significantly inhibited, dropping by 33.1% to 47.8% (p < 0.05). PAL activity also decreased by 25.3% to 30.8% (p < 0.05), leading to an increase in H2O2 levels. These findings suggest that PsBAHD6 likely functions as a key positive regulator of Valsa canker resistance in Korla fragrant pear. The results provide insights into a theoretical basis for understanding the disease resistance mechanism of BAHD family members in pear and could offer valuable genetic resources for breeding Valsa canker-resistant Korla fragrant pear cultivars.