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Background <p>Salinity is a major constraint to common bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>) productivity, yet sustainable mitigation strategies remain limited. Here, we evaluated the interactive effects of salinity stress (0–8 dS m<sup>− 1</sup>), and plant growth-promoting bacteria inoculations, including Phyllosphere strains (P1 and P2), and Rhizobium (RB), and their combinations (P1 + RB, P2 + RB) on two common bean cultivars (Almas and Pak).</p> Results <p>Salinity significantly reduced plant height, chlorophyll pigments (Chl a and Chl b), chlorophyll fluorescence (F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub>) and biomass, while elevating oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)] and antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, CAT). Bacterial treatments, particularly P1 + RB treatment alleviated salinity-induced damage by reducing oxidative stress (up to 68.4%), enhancing ion homeostasis (lower Na⁺, higher K⁺ and Ca²⁺), and maintaining photosynthetic efficiency (F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub>). Almas exhibited greater tolerance than Pak, with lower MDA levels (21.7–25% reduction) and higher phenolic accumulation under stress.</p> Conclusions <p>Together, these findings highlight the synergistic role of bacterial inoculants and cultivar selection in enhancing salinity tolerance, offering a promising strategy for improving legume resilience and productivity in saline agroecosystems.</p>

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Harnessing phyllosphere and rhizobium bacteria for salt stress alleviation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • Safoura Ansari,
  • Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini,
  • Mozhgan Alinia,
  • Mozhgan Sepehri,
  • Ali Dadkhodaie,
  • Saeid Eshghi,
  • Vahid Alah Jahandideh Mahjenabadi

摘要

Background

Salinity is a major constraint to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) productivity, yet sustainable mitigation strategies remain limited. Here, we evaluated the interactive effects of salinity stress (0–8 dS m− 1), and plant growth-promoting bacteria inoculations, including Phyllosphere strains (P1 and P2), and Rhizobium (RB), and their combinations (P1 + RB, P2 + RB) on two common bean cultivars (Almas and Pak).

Results

Salinity significantly reduced plant height, chlorophyll pigments (Chl a and Chl b), chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) and biomass, while elevating oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)] and antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, CAT). Bacterial treatments, particularly P1 + RB treatment alleviated salinity-induced damage by reducing oxidative stress (up to 68.4%), enhancing ion homeostasis (lower Na⁺, higher K⁺ and Ca²⁺), and maintaining photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm). Almas exhibited greater tolerance than Pak, with lower MDA levels (21.7–25% reduction) and higher phenolic accumulation under stress.

Conclusions

Together, these findings highlight the synergistic role of bacterial inoculants and cultivar selection in enhancing salinity tolerance, offering a promising strategy for improving legume resilience and productivity in saline agroecosystems.