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Background <p>Heavy ion beam irradiation is a potent mutagenic technique for developing new germplasm resources and breeding novel plant varieties.&#xa0;However, the biological effects and molecular variations caused by different dosages of heavy ion beam irradiation in crops are still not well understood.</p> Results <p>In this study, we investigated the biological effects and molecular variations in the M<sub>1</sub>&#xa0;generation of wheat, along with extensive phenotype screening in the M<sub>2</sub>&#xa0;generation, to thoroughly assess the mutagenic impact of carbon-ion beam irradiation. Our findings indicate that radiation doses of 60–120&#xa0;Gy significantly reduced seedling height and root length, with a 50% survival rate occurring at the dose of 87&#xa0;Gy. We examined a total of 1840 M<sub>2</sub> plants for phenotypic mutations and found a mean mutation frequency of 2.68%. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that irradiation induced single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and small insertions and deletions (indels), with transition/transversion ratios ranging from 1.96 to 2.03. Mutation hotspots were identified in the Chr1A, 3A, 6D, and 7D regions. Additionally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified genes such as <i>CAT, NPF, and BZIP</i> which showed a high correlation with dosage response and are predominantly involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. Metabolome analysis at a radiation dose of 100&#xa0;Gy revealed that the differential metabolites were predominantly involved in tryptophan metabolism. These pathways may play a crucial role in the response to radiation.</p> Conclusion <p>This study provides valuable information and resources for mutation breeding in crops, enhancing our understanding of carbon-ion-beam-induced mutations in wheat.</p>

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The impact of carbon-ion beam irradiation on the phenotypic and molecular variation of wheat

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月21日

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  • Huihui Fan,
  • Qianwen Xue,
  • Hongchun Xiong,
  • Huijun Guo,
  • Yongdun Xie,
  • Linshu Zhao,
  • Jiayu Gu,
  • Shirong Zhao,
  • Yuping Ding,
  • Huiyuan Li,
  • Libin Zhou,
  • Luxiang Liu

摘要

Background

Heavy ion beam irradiation is a potent mutagenic technique for developing new germplasm resources and breeding novel plant varieties. However, the biological effects and molecular variations caused by different dosages of heavy ion beam irradiation in crops are still not well understood.

Results

In this study, we investigated the biological effects and molecular variations in the M1 generation of wheat, along with extensive phenotype screening in the M2 generation, to thoroughly assess the mutagenic impact of carbon-ion beam irradiation. Our findings indicate that radiation doses of 60–120 Gy significantly reduced seedling height and root length, with a 50% survival rate occurring at the dose of 87 Gy. We examined a total of 1840 M2 plants for phenotypic mutations and found a mean mutation frequency of 2.68%. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that irradiation induced single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and small insertions and deletions (indels), with transition/transversion ratios ranging from 1.96 to 2.03. Mutation hotspots were identified in the Chr1A, 3A, 6D, and 7D regions. Additionally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified genes such as CAT, NPF, and BZIP which showed a high correlation with dosage response and are predominantly involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. Metabolome analysis at a radiation dose of 100 Gy revealed that the differential metabolites were predominantly involved in tryptophan metabolism. These pathways may play a crucial role in the response to radiation.

Conclusion

This study provides valuable information and resources for mutation breeding in crops, enhancing our understanding of carbon-ion-beam-induced mutations in wheat.