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Background and aim <p>Nitrogen (N) is crucial for plant growth and is distributed across various N morphologies within plant organs. However, the mechanisms controlling the distribution of these N morphologies are not fully understood. This study investigated key amino acid (AA) biosynthesis pathways regulating N distribution and their impact on plant physiology and growth.</p> Methods <p>We examined N distribution in the leaves, stems, and roots of two tobacco cultivars (Hongda and K326) under different N treatments at 75, and 100 days after transplanting (DAT). Transcriptome analysis was performed at 75 and 100 DAT to explore N distribution and AA metabolism pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified pathways regulating N distribution, and the Mantel test assessed the impact of N treatments, growth stages, and cultivars on N distribution.</p> Results <p>Statistically significant differences in N distribution were observed across environmental conditions, growth stages, cultivars, and plant organs (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). WGCNA identified phenylalanine metabolism (ko00360), alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism (ko00250), and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism (ko00260) pathways regulating the distribution of <i>N</i><sub>in-SDS</sub> (sodium dodecyl sulfate insoluble N), <i>N</i><sub>W</sub> (water soluble N), and <i>N</i><sub>S</sub> (sodium dodecyl sulfate soluble N), respectively. Increased N application promoted <i>N</i><sub>in-SDS</sub> accumulation, while earlier growth stages and cultivar Hongda favored <i>N</i><sub>W</sub> distribution. <i>N</i><sub>S</sub> distribution was inhibited under high N conditions. Gene expression in these pathways correlated with N distribution, biomass, and N accumulation.</p> Conclusion <p>This study elucidates the mechanisms regulating N distribution in tobacco, emphasizing the role of AA metabolism pathways. These findings are essential for improving N utilization and optimizing N management practices, ultimately enhancing crop productivity and supporting sustainable agricultural practices.</p>

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Amino acid metabolism pathways as key regulators of nitrogen distribution in tobacco: insights from transcriptome and WGCNA analyses

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月27日

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  • Shichen Li,
  • Waqar Ahmed,
  • Tao Jiang,
  • Dehai Yang,
  • Linyuan Yang,
  • Xiaodong Hu,
  • Meiwei Zhao,
  • Xiaoci Peng,
  • Yingfen Yang,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Mingmin Li,
  • Zhengxiong Zhao

摘要

Background and aim

Nitrogen (N) is crucial for plant growth and is distributed across various N morphologies within plant organs. However, the mechanisms controlling the distribution of these N morphologies are not fully understood. This study investigated key amino acid (AA) biosynthesis pathways regulating N distribution and their impact on plant physiology and growth.

Methods

We examined N distribution in the leaves, stems, and roots of two tobacco cultivars (Hongda and K326) under different N treatments at 75, and 100 days after transplanting (DAT). Transcriptome analysis was performed at 75 and 100 DAT to explore N distribution and AA metabolism pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified pathways regulating N distribution, and the Mantel test assessed the impact of N treatments, growth stages, and cultivars on N distribution.

Results

Statistically significant differences in N distribution were observed across environmental conditions, growth stages, cultivars, and plant organs (p < 0.05). WGCNA identified phenylalanine metabolism (ko00360), alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism (ko00250), and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism (ko00260) pathways regulating the distribution of Nin-SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate insoluble N), NW (water soluble N), and NS (sodium dodecyl sulfate soluble N), respectively. Increased N application promoted Nin-SDS accumulation, while earlier growth stages and cultivar Hongda favored NW distribution. NS distribution was inhibited under high N conditions. Gene expression in these pathways correlated with N distribution, biomass, and N accumulation.

Conclusion

This study elucidates the mechanisms regulating N distribution in tobacco, emphasizing the role of AA metabolism pathways. These findings are essential for improving N utilization and optimizing N management practices, ultimately enhancing crop productivity and supporting sustainable agricultural practices.