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Background <p>The disturbed gut microbiota has been found involved in the immunopathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases (AIDs). However, the clinical and pathogenic role of gut microbiota in Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) remains unclear. This study employs 16&#xa0;S rRNA gene sequencing combined with unsupervised cluster analysis to explore the alterations in gut micro-biota in IIMs patients, aiming to elucidate the association between gut microbial composition and the clinical manifestations of IIMs.</p> Results <p>Analysis of fecal samples from 77 IIMs patients and 32 healthy controls revealed significant reductions in both the richness and diversity of the gut bacterial community in the IIM group. IIMs patients exhibited a significantly elevated microbial dysbiosis index (MDI) and a decreased abundance of <i>Bacteroidetes</i>. Clustering analysis classified IIMs patients into three distinct microbiota-based clusters, each with unique bacterial compositions and clinical features. Cluster 1 showed a lower incidence of skin symptoms and Cluster 2 had a lower disease activity score and relatively normal immunity indicators. Conversely, Cluster 3 patients exhibited a higher prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Correlation analyses highlighted specific gut bacteria associated with clinical features, particularly strong negative correlations between core short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria, such as <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, <i>Subdoligranulu</i>, and <i>Ruminococcus</i>, and skin manifestations, disease activity, and inflammation indicators.</p> Conclusions <p>Our study revealed significant alterations in the gut microbiota of IIMs patients along with the distinct microbial signatures identified in different patient clusters, underscoring the potential role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and clinical heterogeneity of IIMs. These findings provide a novel perspective on the pathogenesis of IIMs and highlight the importance of gut microbiota as a potential therapeutic target in managing IIMs.</p>

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Role of gut microbiota in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: insights from 16S rRNA sequencing and cluster analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Tong Wu,
  • Yanhong Li,
  • Lu Cheng,
  • Yinlan Wu,
  • Deying Huang,
  • Xiuping Liang,
  • Yi Liu

摘要

Background

The disturbed gut microbiota has been found involved in the immunopathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases (AIDs). However, the clinical and pathogenic role of gut microbiota in Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) remains unclear. This study employs 16 S rRNA gene sequencing combined with unsupervised cluster analysis to explore the alterations in gut micro-biota in IIMs patients, aiming to elucidate the association between gut microbial composition and the clinical manifestations of IIMs.

Results

Analysis of fecal samples from 77 IIMs patients and 32 healthy controls revealed significant reductions in both the richness and diversity of the gut bacterial community in the IIM group. IIMs patients exhibited a significantly elevated microbial dysbiosis index (MDI) and a decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes. Clustering analysis classified IIMs patients into three distinct microbiota-based clusters, each with unique bacterial compositions and clinical features. Cluster 1 showed a lower incidence of skin symptoms and Cluster 2 had a lower disease activity score and relatively normal immunity indicators. Conversely, Cluster 3 patients exhibited a higher prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Correlation analyses highlighted specific gut bacteria associated with clinical features, particularly strong negative correlations between core short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria, such as Faecalibacterium, Subdoligranulu, and Ruminococcus, and skin manifestations, disease activity, and inflammation indicators.

Conclusions

Our study revealed significant alterations in the gut microbiota of IIMs patients along with the distinct microbial signatures identified in different patient clusters, underscoring the potential role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and clinical heterogeneity of IIMs. These findings provide a novel perspective on the pathogenesis of IIMs and highlight the importance of gut microbiota as a potential therapeutic target in managing IIMs.