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<p>Land use types and elevation gradients are key determinants of soil environment, thereby shaping the composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities. Nevertheless, our understanding of how the composition, diversity, and functions of soil bacterial communities vary among land use types along elevation gradients remains limited. The present study was conducted in the biodiversity-rich Gaoligong Mountains, where soil samples were collected from shrublands (SL), coffee fields (CF), maize fields (MF), and orange fields (OF) along an elevation gradient spanning 900–1800&#xa0;m (i.e., 900–1200&#xa0;m, 1200–1500&#xa0;m, and 1500–1800&#xa0;m). A 16&#xa0;S rRNA amplicon sequencing was applied to assess the composition of soil bacterial community. In addition, we employed FAPROTAX to perform functional classification based on the 16&#xa0;S sequencing data. The results showed that land use types, elevation, and their interactions had significant affected on soil chemical properties, α diversity and functions of soil bacterial communities. PERMANOVA analysis further revealed that both land use types (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.21) and elevation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.09) both had significant effects on the bacterial β diversity. The nine measured soil chemical properties explained 86.35%, 86.88%, and 83.75% of the variation in soil bacterial community composition at low, medium, and high elevation, respectively, suggesting that soil chemical conditions were major determinants of bacterial community composition across elevation gradients. Among these factors, soil nitrogen variables including NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N, TN, NO<sub>4</sub><sup>་</sup>-N played particularly role in shaping soil bacterial community composition. Overall, land use types and elevation gradients jointly shape the composition, diversity, and function of soil bacterial communities in the Gaoligong Mountains. This study can help enhance our understanding of how anthropogenic and natural factors interact to influence soil microbial communities in mountain ecosystems, and provides a scientific basis for soil health management and the conservation of microbial ecosystem functions under global environmental change.</p>

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Land use types and elevation gradients jointly influence soil bacterial community diversity and functions in the Gaoligong Mountains

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Ruilong Huang,
  • Wei Li

摘要

Land use types and elevation gradients are key determinants of soil environment, thereby shaping the composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities. Nevertheless, our understanding of how the composition, diversity, and functions of soil bacterial communities vary among land use types along elevation gradients remains limited. The present study was conducted in the biodiversity-rich Gaoligong Mountains, where soil samples were collected from shrublands (SL), coffee fields (CF), maize fields (MF), and orange fields (OF) along an elevation gradient spanning 900–1800 m (i.e., 900–1200 m, 1200–1500 m, and 1500–1800 m). A 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing was applied to assess the composition of soil bacterial community. In addition, we employed FAPROTAX to perform functional classification based on the 16 S sequencing data. The results showed that land use types, elevation, and their interactions had significant affected on soil chemical properties, α diversity and functions of soil bacterial communities. PERMANOVA analysis further revealed that both land use types (R2 = 0.21) and elevation (R2 = 0.09) both had significant effects on the bacterial β diversity. The nine measured soil chemical properties explained 86.35%, 86.88%, and 83.75% of the variation in soil bacterial community composition at low, medium, and high elevation, respectively, suggesting that soil chemical conditions were major determinants of bacterial community composition across elevation gradients. Among these factors, soil nitrogen variables including NO3--N, TN, NO4་-N played particularly role in shaping soil bacterial community composition. Overall, land use types and elevation gradients jointly shape the composition, diversity, and function of soil bacterial communities in the Gaoligong Mountains. This study can help enhance our understanding of how anthropogenic and natural factors interact to influence soil microbial communities in mountain ecosystems, and provides a scientific basis for soil health management and the conservation of microbial ecosystem functions under global environmental change.