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Background <p><i>Phoebe bournei</i>, a rare and endangered plant species in China, exhibits low seedling survival rates and slow growth. Although <i>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</i>-based organic fertilizer is beneficial, it remains unclear whether it can reduce chemical fertilizer dependence while promoting <i>P. bournei</i> growth. Here, <i>P. bournei</i> seedlings were treated with a combination of <i>T. longibrachiatum</i>-based organic fertilizer and reduced chemical fertilizer (designated as the HF treatment). This study was employed to investigate the synergistic mechanisms underlying growth promotion.</p> Results <p>Plant physiology, pedology, and amplicon sequencing were used to evaluate the growth of <i>P. bournei</i> seedlings. The HF treatment optimally promoted <i>P. bournei</i> seedling growth, with a 39.8% increase in seedling height compared to the control. Specifically, the treatment elevated the levels of auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA) by 43.6, 50.2, and 63.1%, respectively, compared to the control. This treatment also enhanced plant nitrogen and phosphorus utilization. An increase in the relative abundances of potentially beneficial fungi (e.g., <i>Trichoderma</i> and <i>Trichocladium</i>) and bacteria (e.g., <i>Gemmatimonas</i> and <i>Streptomyces</i>) was observed under the HF treatment, which also suppressed fungal pathogens such as <i>Fusarium</i>.</p> Conclusions <p>This study revealed the synergistic mechanism by which <i>T. longibrachiatum</i>-based organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer co-promote <i>P. bournei</i> seedling growth. Our findings offer a practical strategy for sustainable forestry to enhance the productivity of this rare and endangered tree species.</p>

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Trichoderma longibrachiatum-based fertilizers promote Phoebe bournei seedling growth by regulating plant physiology, nutrients utilization, and the rhizosphere microbial community

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Xuewen Wang,
  • Xiaoli Wei,
  • Cun Yu

摘要

Background

Phoebe bournei, a rare and endangered plant species in China, exhibits low seedling survival rates and slow growth. Although Trichoderma longibrachiatum-based organic fertilizer is beneficial, it remains unclear whether it can reduce chemical fertilizer dependence while promoting P. bournei growth. Here, P. bournei seedlings were treated with a combination of T. longibrachiatum-based organic fertilizer and reduced chemical fertilizer (designated as the HF treatment). This study was employed to investigate the synergistic mechanisms underlying growth promotion.

Results

Plant physiology, pedology, and amplicon sequencing were used to evaluate the growth of P. bournei seedlings. The HF treatment optimally promoted P. bournei seedling growth, with a 39.8% increase in seedling height compared to the control. Specifically, the treatment elevated the levels of auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA) by 43.6, 50.2, and 63.1%, respectively, compared to the control. This treatment also enhanced plant nitrogen and phosphorus utilization. An increase in the relative abundances of potentially beneficial fungi (e.g., Trichoderma and Trichocladium) and bacteria (e.g., Gemmatimonas and Streptomyces) was observed under the HF treatment, which also suppressed fungal pathogens such as Fusarium.

Conclusions

This study revealed the synergistic mechanism by which T. longibrachiatum-based organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer co-promote P. bournei seedling growth. Our findings offer a practical strategy for sustainable forestry to enhance the productivity of this rare and endangered tree species.