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<p>Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), liposomes, and microemulsions represent significant advancements in drug delivery systems. This study aimed to synthesize NLCs encapsulating <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> supernatant (BMS) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for potential application against MRSA and cancer cells. The NLCs were prepared using the emulsification-solvent evaporation technique and loaded with BMS and MNPs to form NLC-BMS-MNPs. Characterization of the NLC-BMS-MNPs was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential. The NLC-BMS-MNPs exhibited a spherical morphology with an average size of 74.45&#xa0;nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.350, and a zeta potential of − 4.44 mV. NLC-BMS-MNPs demonstrated antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 7.5 to 30&#xa0;µg/mL. They also significantly downregulated the expression of biofilm-associated genes <i>fnbA</i>, <i>icaA</i>, and <i>cna</i>, with fold changes ranging from − 1.9 to -3, -2 to 3, -4 to5.2, respectively (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001). Furthermore, the formulation showed antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values of 299&#xa0;µg/mL and 521&#xa0;µg/mL in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Additionally, NLC-BMS-MNPs exhibited selective cytotoxicity toward cancer cells. HepG2 and MCF-7 cells displayed significantly reduced viability, with IC₅₀ values of 13.74 ± 0.02&#xa0;µg/mL and 19.12 ± 0.51&#xa0;µg/mL, respectively, compared to normal Vero and HFB-4 cells, which showed IC₅₀ values of 36.1 ± 0.65&#xa0;µg/mL and 33.45 ± 2.29&#xa0;µg/mL. In conclusion, NLC-BMS-MNPs represent a promising multifunctional nanomaterial with potential applications in both antimicrobial and anticancer therapies.</p>

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Multifunctional nanostructured lipid carriers encapsulating Bacillus megaterium supernatant and magnetic nanoparticles for combating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and cancer cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Mohamed A. Fareid,
  • Gamal M. El-Sherbiny,
  • Mohamed H. Sharaf,
  • Asmaa M. Hegazy,
  • Rosilah Ab Aziz,
  • Ahmed A. Askar,
  • Fatma A. Hamada

摘要

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), liposomes, and microemulsions represent significant advancements in drug delivery systems. This study aimed to synthesize NLCs encapsulating Bacillus megaterium supernatant (BMS) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for potential application against MRSA and cancer cells. The NLCs were prepared using the emulsification-solvent evaporation technique and loaded with BMS and MNPs to form NLC-BMS-MNPs. Characterization of the NLC-BMS-MNPs was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential. The NLC-BMS-MNPs exhibited a spherical morphology with an average size of 74.45 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.350, and a zeta potential of − 4.44 mV. NLC-BMS-MNPs demonstrated antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 7.5 to 30 µg/mL. They also significantly downregulated the expression of biofilm-associated genes fnbA, icaA, and cna, with fold changes ranging from − 1.9 to -3, -2 to 3, -4 to5.2, respectively (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, the formulation showed antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values of 299 µg/mL and 521 µg/mL in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Additionally, NLC-BMS-MNPs exhibited selective cytotoxicity toward cancer cells. HepG2 and MCF-7 cells displayed significantly reduced viability, with IC₅₀ values of 13.74 ± 0.02 µg/mL and 19.12 ± 0.51 µg/mL, respectively, compared to normal Vero and HFB-4 cells, which showed IC₅₀ values of 36.1 ± 0.65 µg/mL and 33.45 ± 2.29 µg/mL. In conclusion, NLC-BMS-MNPs represent a promising multifunctional nanomaterial with potential applications in both antimicrobial and anticancer therapies.