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<p>During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, an increased prevalence of<i> Candida </i>co-infections has been reported. However, data on the virulence factors of <i>Candida </i>spp. isolated from COVID-19 patients remain scarce. This study aimed to assess the virulence factors of <i>Candida </i>spp. isolated from COVID-19 patients and to explore their potential associations with clinical parameters. A total of 71 <i>Candida </i>(<i>C</i>.) strains were analyzed, representing four species: 49 (69.01%) <i>C</i>. <i>albicans</i> strains, 14 (19.71%) <i>C</i>. <i>glabrata </i>strains, 7 (9.85%) <i>C</i>. <i>tropicalis</i> strains, and 1 (1.40%) <i>C.</i> <i>dubliniensis </i>strain. The activities of proteinase, phospholipase, and hemolysin, as well as biofilm-forming capacity, were evaluated. All <i>C</i>. <i>albicans</i> strains and 21 (95.45%) non-<i>albicans Candida </i>(NAC) strains produced proteinase. Phospholipase activity was detected in 46 (93.87%) <i>C</i>. <i>albicans </i>strains and 10 (45.45%) NAC strains. High hemolytic activity was observed in all <i>Candida </i>strains. Biofilm formation was detected in 31 (43.66%) <i>Candida </i>strains, with variable intensities. These findings highlight high levels of hydrolytic enzyme activity among <i>Candida</i> spp. isolated from COVID-19 patients and contribute to the growing understanding of <i>Candida </i>pathogenesis in immunocompromised populations, providing insights for patient management.</p>

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Virulence factors of Candida spp. isolated from COVID-19 patients: hydrolytic enzyme activity and biofilm formation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月2日

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  • Ahmad Jabrodini,
  • Somayeh Yazdanpanah,
  • Mina Malekzadeh,
  • Shafigheh Shabanzadeh,
  • Maryam Ahmadyan,
  • Keyvan Pakshir,
  • Kamiar Zomorodian

摘要

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, an increased prevalence of Candida co-infections has been reported. However, data on the virulence factors of Candida spp. isolated from COVID-19 patients remain scarce. This study aimed to assess the virulence factors of Candida spp. isolated from COVID-19 patients and to explore their potential associations with clinical parameters. A total of 71 Candida (C.) strains were analyzed, representing four species: 49 (69.01%) C. albicans strains, 14 (19.71%) C. glabrata strains, 7 (9.85%) C. tropicalis strains, and 1 (1.40%) C. dubliniensis strain. The activities of proteinase, phospholipase, and hemolysin, as well as biofilm-forming capacity, were evaluated. All C. albicans strains and 21 (95.45%) non-albicans Candida (NAC) strains produced proteinase. Phospholipase activity was detected in 46 (93.87%) C. albicans strains and 10 (45.45%) NAC strains. High hemolytic activity was observed in all Candida strains. Biofilm formation was detected in 31 (43.66%) Candida strains, with variable intensities. These findings highlight high levels of hydrolytic enzyme activity among Candida spp. isolated from COVID-19 patients and contribute to the growing understanding of Candida pathogenesis in immunocompromised populations, providing insights for patient management.