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<p>Investigating the evolution of <i>Escherichia coli</i> in microgravity offers valuable insights into microbial adaptation to extreme environments. Here the effects of simulated microgravity (SµG) on gene expression and genome evolution of <i>E. coli</i> REL606, a strain evolved terrestrially for 35&#xa0;years, is explored. The transcriptomic changes for glucose-limited and glucose-replete conditions over 24&#xa0;h illustrate that SµG increased the expression of genes involved in stress response, biofilm, and metabolism. A greater number of differentially expressed genes related to the general stress response (GSR) and biofilm formation is observed in simulated microgravity cultures under glucose-limited conditions in comparison to glucose-replete conditions. Longer term SµG culture under glucose-limited conditions led to the accumulation of unique mutations when compared to control cultures, particularly in the <i>mraZ/fruR</i> intergenic region and the <i>elyC gene</i>, suggesting changes in peptidoglycan and enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) production. These findings highlight the physiological and genomic adaptations of <i>E. coli</i> to microgravity, offering a foundation for future research into the long-term effects of space conditions on bacterial evolution.</p>

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Simulated microgravity triggers a membrane adaptation to stress in E. coli REL606

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月9日

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  • Brittney Lozzi,
  • Lea Adepoju,
  • Josh L. Espinoza,
  • Michael Padgen,
  • Macarena Parra,
  • Antonio Ricco,
  • Sarah Castro-Wallace,
  • Jeffrey E. Barrick,
  • Aubrie O’Rourke

摘要

Investigating the evolution of Escherichia coli in microgravity offers valuable insights into microbial adaptation to extreme environments. Here the effects of simulated microgravity (SµG) on gene expression and genome evolution of E. coli REL606, a strain evolved terrestrially for 35 years, is explored. The transcriptomic changes for glucose-limited and glucose-replete conditions over 24 h illustrate that SµG increased the expression of genes involved in stress response, biofilm, and metabolism. A greater number of differentially expressed genes related to the general stress response (GSR) and biofilm formation is observed in simulated microgravity cultures under glucose-limited conditions in comparison to glucose-replete conditions. Longer term SµG culture under glucose-limited conditions led to the accumulation of unique mutations when compared to control cultures, particularly in the mraZ/fruR intergenic region and the elyC gene, suggesting changes in peptidoglycan and enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) production. These findings highlight the physiological and genomic adaptations of E. coli to microgravity, offering a foundation for future research into the long-term effects of space conditions on bacterial evolution.