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Background <p>This study investigates the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, genotypic resistance profiles, and virulence gene distribution of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates from poultry and beef processing environments in Shahrekord, Iran.</p> Method <p>A total of 680 samples were collected from poultry (<i>n</i> = 300) and beef (<i>n</i> = 380) products between January and December 2023.</p> Results <p><i>Salmonella</i> was detected in 21% (63/300) of poultry samples and 15.8% (60/380) of beef samples, with non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> (NTS) being the predominant serovar. High antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates were observed across both food types, with the most common resistances found in ciprofloxacin (48%), tetracycline (44%), and ampicillin (39%). Genotypic analysis revealed the presence of key resistance genes, including <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub> (35%), <i>tetA</i> (29%), and <i>sul1</i> (23%). Virulence gene analysis identified <i>invA</i> (92%), <i>agfA</i> (80%), and <i>hilA</i> (76%) as the most prevalent genes. Comparative analysis of resistance patterns between poultry and beef samples revealed higher resistance in poultry isolates to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline.</p> Conclusion <p>This study highlights significant antimicrobial resistance and the presence of virulence factors in <i>Salmonella</i> isolates from retail beef and poultry, suggesting a potential risk to public health and the need for enhanced surveillance and control measures in food processing environments.</p> Clinical trial number <p>Not applicable.</p>

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Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, virulence and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of Salmonella species recovered from retail beef and poultry processing environments

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月28日

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  • Zahra Osivand,
  • Ebrahim Rahimi,
  • Amir Shakerian,
  • Faham Khamesipour

摘要

Background

This study investigates the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, genotypic resistance profiles, and virulence gene distribution of Salmonella isolates from poultry and beef processing environments in Shahrekord, Iran.

Method

A total of 680 samples were collected from poultry (n = 300) and beef (n = 380) products between January and December 2023.

Results

Salmonella was detected in 21% (63/300) of poultry samples and 15.8% (60/380) of beef samples, with non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) being the predominant serovar. High antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates were observed across both food types, with the most common resistances found in ciprofloxacin (48%), tetracycline (44%), and ampicillin (39%). Genotypic analysis revealed the presence of key resistance genes, including blaTEM (35%), tetA (29%), and sul1 (23%). Virulence gene analysis identified invA (92%), agfA (80%), and hilA (76%) as the most prevalent genes. Comparative analysis of resistance patterns between poultry and beef samples revealed higher resistance in poultry isolates to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline.

Conclusion

This study highlights significant antimicrobial resistance and the presence of virulence factors in Salmonella isolates from retail beef and poultry, suggesting a potential risk to public health and the need for enhanced surveillance and control measures in food processing environments.

Clinical trial number

Not applicable.