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Background <p>Citriculture holds significant socioeconomic importance but is adversely affected by diseases that reduce productivity. Plant disease resistance is typically relies on efficient defense mechanisms - PTI and ETI - involving PRR receptors and R genes responsible for pathogen recognition and the initiation of defense responses.</p> Results <p>In silico analyses performed on 11 genomes of 10 <i>Citrus</i> species, as well one genome of each <i>Poncirus trifoliata</i> and <i>Fortunella hindsii</i>, enabled the identification and classification of PRR receptors and R genes, analysis of gene duplication and clusters, validation of findings using RNA-seq libraries, and assessment of inter- and intraspecific variability across 43 additional accessions.</p> Conclusions <p>Our results show that PRR receptors and genes are organized in clusters and exhibit both inter- and intraspecific diversity, with wild citrus species presenting lower gene counts compared to ancestral and hybrid species. Wild species showed a predominance of membrane-associated PRRs (RLKs and RLPs), potentially linked to early pathogen recognition, whereas ancestral and hybrid species exhibited higher abundance of intracellular receptors (CNL and TNL). These patterns suggest distinct immune strategies among citrus species, although further functional studies are required to confirm their roles in PTI or ETI responses.</p>

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Comparative analysis of PRR receptors and R genes reveals structural and functional divergence between wild, ancestral, and commercial citrus species

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

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  • Fredson dos Santos Menezes,
  • Raner José Santana Silva,
  • Patrick Ollitrault,
  • Fabienne Micheli

摘要

Background

Citriculture holds significant socioeconomic importance but is adversely affected by diseases that reduce productivity. Plant disease resistance is typically relies on efficient defense mechanisms - PTI and ETI - involving PRR receptors and R genes responsible for pathogen recognition and the initiation of defense responses.

Results

In silico analyses performed on 11 genomes of 10 Citrus species, as well one genome of each Poncirus trifoliata and Fortunella hindsii, enabled the identification and classification of PRR receptors and R genes, analysis of gene duplication and clusters, validation of findings using RNA-seq libraries, and assessment of inter- and intraspecific variability across 43 additional accessions.

Conclusions

Our results show that PRR receptors and genes are organized in clusters and exhibit both inter- and intraspecific diversity, with wild citrus species presenting lower gene counts compared to ancestral and hybrid species. Wild species showed a predominance of membrane-associated PRRs (RLKs and RLPs), potentially linked to early pathogen recognition, whereas ancestral and hybrid species exhibited higher abundance of intracellular receptors (CNL and TNL). These patterns suggest distinct immune strategies among citrus species, although further functional studies are required to confirm their roles in PTI or ETI responses.