Abstract <p>The article examines the structural and institutional factors that determined the level and dynamics of macroeconomic indicators in Russia’s Siberian Federal District over the past 20 years. A tendency towards peripheralization has been identified, manifested as lagging of the district in most socioeconomic indicators compared to the national level. The reasons for changes in the spatial structure of the results of economic activity and revenue recorded by statistics are shown, which determined the concentration of revenue in the capital regions (Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Moscow and Leningrad oblasts) and the decrease in formal indicators of participation in the overall results in the majority of noncapital (all other) regions. The gap that has formed between the real structure of the distribution of productive forces and the resulting macroindicators determines the actual interregional redistribution of financial resources, which is one of the most important factors in the strong differentiation of living standards. The article emphasizes the role of sectoral restructuring in the formation of the lag of the Siberian Federal District economy in terms of labor productivity. The possibilities and limitations of economic growth in the Siberian Federal District from the perspective of labor and investment resources are considered.</p>