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Abstract <p>Surface modification of 0.12C–18Cr–9Ni–1Ti chromium-nickel austenitic steel was formed by non-vacuum electron-beam cladding with a powder mixture comprising tungsten carbide and magnesium fluoride (used as a flux). Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that high-speed melting of the powder mixture and the substrate surface layer resulted in the formation of a dendritic structure containing austenite (γ-Fe), chromium carbide (Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>), and a complex carbide phase (W<sub>6.3</sub>Fe<sub>5.7</sub>C). The hardness of the obtained coatings was 1.5 times higher (513 HV<sub>0.1</sub>) than that of the base steel. Abrasive wear tests with rigidly fixed abrasive particles demonstrated that the wear resistance of the coatings increased by a factor of two compared to the untreated substrate material.</p>

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Effect of Tungsten Carbide on the Wear Resistance of Modified Layers in 0.12C–18Cr–9Ni–1Ti Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月8日

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  • V. E. Andryushkina,
  • E. G. Bushueva,
  • E. A. Pukhova,
  • A. I. Popelyukh,
  • V. G. Burov

摘要

Abstract

Surface modification of 0.12C–18Cr–9Ni–1Ti chromium-nickel austenitic steel was formed by non-vacuum electron-beam cladding with a powder mixture comprising tungsten carbide and magnesium fluoride (used as a flux). Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that high-speed melting of the powder mixture and the substrate surface layer resulted in the formation of a dendritic structure containing austenite (γ-Fe), chromium carbide (Cr23C6), and a complex carbide phase (W6.3Fe5.7C). The hardness of the obtained coatings was 1.5 times higher (513 HV0.1) than that of the base steel. Abrasive wear tests with rigidly fixed abrasive particles demonstrated that the wear resistance of the coatings increased by a factor of two compared to the untreated substrate material.